Prospects for Improving the Effectiveness of Chemotherapy in Patients with Tumors
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 5
Abstract
Despite the intensive efforts of researchers, the area of anti-tumor therapy still contains number of unsolved problems. Among the most general ones are: late diagnosis, poor efficiency of available therapies, multiple side effects [1-3]. In this article we briefly review some modern therapeutic methods used in oncology and describe recent attempts to neutralize the side effects of anti-cancer therapy. Classical Methods of Therapy for Patients with Oncological Diseases There are three general ways in tumor therapy: surgical intervention, radiotherapy and chemotherapy [4]. The combined application of these methods is often used. In addition, new specific treatments are being developed each year. Recently developed techniques allow selective detection and suppression of the tumor cells. The number of identified tumor cell markers grows in logarithmic progression. However, the percentage of successful outcomes for many types of malignant tumors is still far from ideal [1,2]. Immunotherapy represents another approach to cancer treatment. It is based on the mobilization of the immune potential of the organism [5,6]. Vaccines activating immunocompetent cells are rather perspective as they improve the ability of these cells to identify and destroy tumor loci [7,8]. Family of cancer vaccines includes autologic and allogenic cell-based vaccines, Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccines, vaccines based on dendritic cells and some others [8]. Utilization of cancer vaccines, however, meets some problems. Among them are variability of antigenic spectrum and expression level of the particular antigen; ability of tumor cells to escape from the immune response due to immunological editing; low immunogenicity level of tumor-associated antigens. Due to this specialist distinguish a particular subclass of cancer vaccines - xenogenic vaccines (XV) - as especially perspective. In contrast to the other cancer vaccines, XV ones contain antigens from non-human species. Structural difference from the human analogs makes them highly immunogenic and highly effective against some forms of malignant tumors [7-9]. Moreover, XV are able to stimulate antitumor reactions in the weakened organism with suppressed immune system. This is especially important for the cases of late diagnostic. We have to emphasize, however, that effectiveness of XV was demonstrated only in certain forms of cancer [7-9]. Immunotherapy represents another approach to cancer treatment. It is based on the mobilization of the immune potential of the organism [5,6]. Vaccines activating immunocompetent cells are rather perspective as they improve the ability of these cells to identify and destroy tumor loci [7,8]. Family of cancer vaccines includes autologic and allogenic cell-based vaccines, Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccines, vaccines based on dendritic cells and some others [8]. Utilization of cancer vaccines, however, meets some problems. Among them are variability of antigenic spectrum and expression level of the particular antigen; ability of tumor cells to escape from the immune response due to immunological editing; low immunogenicity level of tumor-associated antigens. Due to this specialist distinguish a particular subclass of cancer vaccines - xenogenic vaccines (XV) - as especially perspective. In contrast to the other cancer vaccines, XV ones contain antigens from non-human species. Structural difference from the human analogs makes them highly immunogenic and highly effective against some forms of malignant tumors [7-9]. Moreover, XV are able to stimulate antitumor reactions in the weakened organism with suppressed immune system. This is especially important for the cases of late diagnostic. We have to emphasize, however, that effectiveness of XV was demonstrated only in certain forms of cancer [7-9].
Authors and Affiliations
Kulchitsky Vladimir, Zamaro Alexandra, Alexandrova Radostina, Potkin Vladimir, Suziedelis Kestusis, Darinskas Adas, Koulchitsky Stanislav, Pashkevich Svetlana, Sushko Timur, Denisov Andrew, Kletskov Alexey, Dosina Margarita, Pašukonienė Vita
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP592671
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.06.001411
- Views 164
- Downloads 0
Yoga in Mental Health
Yogic techniques, such as asana and pranayama of Hatha Yoga, and various meditations, have been trailed through clinical and other scientific procedures. The results have established the preven...
Dilemma in Diagnosis-Huge Preauricular Sinus Mimicking Parotid Tumor
Objective: This paper reports a case of huge preauricular sinus mimicking parotid tumour to highlight the difficulty in obtaining a correct diagnosis. Background and Case Report: This case describes a 51-year-old gentlem...
Human Reproduction: Target of Endocrine Disruptors
Endocrine disruptors are natural or man-made hormone-like molecules, which after entering into the human organism are bound by hormone receptors (similarly to physiological hormones) disturbing the normal (endogenous) ho...
Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Inflammatory Neuropeptides in Dilative Cardiomyopathy are there Relations to Psychophysical Stress?
Background: Neuropeptides can be influenced by psychophysical stress and may have influence on cardiac function. Objective: We wanted to find out, whether pro- and anti-inflammatory neuropeptides may be altered in heart...
A New Technique of Core Muscle Strength Training for Hurdlers
In this paper. To study the best speed of hurdler’s fast hurdling technique, the method of analogy analysis is adopted by consulting data. Using the core muscle strength method to train hurdlers to run fast combined with...