Study of Ligature Mark Patterns in Hanging Cases: An Original Research Article.
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 6
Abstract
Postmortem External examination of ligature mark plays a vital role in case of hanging deaths. This study was conducted to know the pattern of ligature mark in various types of hanging among autopsies conducted at the mortuary, attached to Government Medical College, Baroda during one year of duration from October 2013 to September 2014. In this descriptive, prospective, observational type of study, demography profile of victim, manner of death and the ligature mark with reference to their site, level, number, discontinuity, obliquity, type of material and internal appearance. Hanging constituted 101 cases of 2315 autopsies (4.36 %). Male outnumbered female in total autopsies conducted related to the hanging. The third and fourth decades males are dominating our study. Finance related problems were the commonest motive for suicide. Among female victims, the majority composed of adolescents and young adults. Most common easily available materials used as ligature materials in hanging were soft materials like dupatta, Saree, dhoti, turban, bed sheet. This study thus suggests that object used for ligature depends on accessibility to the object. The most frequent level of the ligature mark over the neck in our study was over and above the laryngeal prominence, accounting for 99 % cases. Out of 101 cases of hanging studied, only 03 cases of Hyoid bone fracture (2.97%) were noticed. Complete hanging was seen in 43 cases and partial hanging in 58 cases. Typical ligature mark seen among 49 cases and atypical ligature mark in 58 cases. Oblique ligature mark was noted in 95 % of cases. The ligature mark was non-continuous in 91% of cases. Horizontal ligature marks were noted in some of cases of partial hanging. A careful examination of neck in suicidal hanging cases is of great importance in ascertaining the ante-mortem character of lesion and to exclude the possibility of homicide.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Naveen K. Simatwal
Keywords
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