A Review and Update on Male Infertility Problems Based on Present Status
Journal Title: International Journal of Science and Innovative Research - Year 2021, Vol 2, Issue 01
Abstract
Healthy semen quality plays an important role in maintaining the healthy fertilizing ability to spermatozoa. Male infertility is a global problem with increasing male semen quality in men living in Asia, Europe, Africa, and North America. The sperm acquire proactive mechanisms during spermatogenesis and their maturations; they still remain viable for toxic insult. The healthy semen quality is a major contributor to infertility. Studies prove that different factors such as exposure to pesticides, heavy metals, obesity, tobacco, smoking, industrial chemicals, alcoholism, sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrient intake oxidative stress, physiological and genetic factors can decrease male fertility. Routine semen analysis and assays for sperm chromatin integrity are the most widely utilized and best studies adjunctive diagnostics in male infertility. Now, scientists have found many different options for male infertility problems. This review article summarizes protective mechanisms of spermatogenesis, causes, diagnosis, and both traditional and modern treatment approaches of male infertility. This review article highlights present issues and directions for further exploration of the male infertility problems.
Authors and Affiliations
Dhruvi Parmar, Dharmendra Singh Rajput
Keywords
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