Acute toxicity of triclosan on the native freshwater fish, Anabas testudineus (Bloch,1792): behavioral alterations and histopathological lesions
Journal Title: International Journal of Life Science - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
Triclosan is an effective antimicrobial agent commonly used in pharmaceuticals and personal care products. In this study, median lethal concentration i.e., 96h-LC50 value, along with behavioural and histopathological modifications of triclosan were investigated in the native fish, Anabas testudineus. For determining LC50-96h of triclosan, seven different concentrations of the test chemical at a range from 1 to 2.2 mg/L in a geometric series were selected after a range-finding test. Control group without the test solution and the positive control containing the solubilising agent (DMSO) as a vehicle was also maintained, comprising ten animals per group. The median lethal concentration of triclosan in Anabas testudineus estimated by using Probit analysis was 1.767 mg/L. Behavioural modifications noted during the study includes air gulping, surfacing, reduced opercular movement, mucous deposition, bulged and hemorrhagic eyes. Histopathological alterations observed in gill consist of uplifting and hyperplasia of epithelium, aneurysm, lamellar disorganization as shortened primary lamella, fusion or loss of secondary lamella and hyperplasia of gill arches. Hepatocytes showed histological alterations such as irregular or anucleated hepatocytes, cytoplasmic vacuolization, degenerated cytoplasm and aggregation of melanomacrophages. The intensity of morphological lesions increases when the concentration is increased and also substantiates the behavioural alterations exhibited by the fish during triclosan exposure. From the result of probit statistical method, it is evident that the acute toxic effect of triclosan is concentration-dependent, and therefore, triclosan contamination is a threat to aquatic organisms.
Authors and Affiliations
Veettil Priyatha Chokki, Chidambaran Chitra Kumari
Keywords
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