Application of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test for Serodiagnosis of Acute Scrub Typhus in and Around Puducherry, India
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2018, Vol 12, Issue 11
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Scrub Typhus (ST) is now endemic in India and is diagnosed by Immunochromatography based rapid kits or conventional ELISA to detect IgM antibodies. Clinical picture of ST may mimic other diseases like Dengue, Leptospirosis and viral haemorrhagic fevers. Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test/Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is the reference standard which might help to confirm ST. Aim: To critically analyse the practical utility of the gold standard IFA vis-à-vis ELISA in identifying acute ST in patients. Materials and Methods: Archived acute blood samples from 140 febrile patients with clinical suspicion of acute ST, 70 patients with other febrile illnesses and 70 voluntary healthy blood donors were subjected to both ST IgM ELISA and ST IgM IFA. Statistical Analysis: Chi-Square test was applied and p-values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: IgM IFA was positive in 120 out of 140 ST IgM ELISA positive ST patients and 16 out of 70 ST IgM ELISA negative febrile patients. All 70 blood donors were negative in both IgM ELISA and IgM IFA. Against the gold standard IFA, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive value and Negative Predictive values for IgM ELISA were 88.24%, 86.11%, 85.71%, 88.57% respectively. Titres of ≥1:64 were considered as significant for IgM IFA. Conclusion: It is recommended that standardisation is required regarding significant cut-off titre for IgM IFA in different regions of India. For serodiagnosis of acute ST, IgM ELISA still remains a viable alternative to IgM IFA in developing countries.
Authors and Affiliations
Selvaraj Stephen, D Gunasekaran, Velmurugan Anitharaj
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP524480
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2018/38157.12271
- Views 70
- Downloads 0
Journey from Fighters to Survivors: Quality of Life and Mental Status in Cancer Patients in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital
ABSTRACT Introduction: Cancer is a major public health burden in India. Though modern medicine has made tremendous advancements in the treatment of cancers, still morbidity and mortality remain high. It affects different...
Determination and Validation of a Lower Cut Off Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Adenosine Deaminase (CSF-ADA) Activity in Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis
Introduction: Tuberculous meningitis is an infection of the meninges caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is one of the most common infectious diseases of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and a major health problem i...
Influence of Number of Implants and Connection Systems on Stress Behaviour of Mandibular Implant-retained Overdentures: Photoelastic and Strain Gauge Analysis
ABSTRACT Introduction: The consensus statement recommends at least two implants to support a mandibular overdenture for edentulous patients. However, to reduce cost and time of treatment, the concept of single implant-re...
Effectiveness of Tranexamic Acid for Reducing Postpartum Blood Loss in the First Two Hours after Vaginal Delivery: A Randomised Controlled Trial
ABSTRACT Introduction: Postpartum Haemorrhage (PPH) is the leading direct cause of maternal death worldwide, especially in developing countries. Fibrinolysis is an important process in bleeding during the third stage of...
Assessment of Degree of Difficulty in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy using Intraoperative Scoring System
Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most commonly performed minimally invasive surgery. But in every patient, there are different types of difficulties in performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy and...