The problem of evolution of ideological priorities of the Mykola’s Khvylovy creation which is caused by the influence of historical processes of the early 20th century is viewed in this article. The author is focused on the analysis of shaped system of the novel «Sanatorium zone» with a view to identify the writer's position on the causes of psychological crisis of the direct participants in revolutionary events in the period of loss of ideological illusions. The analysis of individual characters worldview made it possible to conclude that post-evolutionary reality destroyed their representations of the role in building a new society. As a result several types of «excess people» have appeared. The first includes those who dreamed about romance of change about free development of personality but saw that people gradually turn into faceless mass addition to machines. The second type is creative youth who are incapable of applying themselves in the atmosphere of philistinism and greyness. The third type are people that not only superfluous but dangerous because they get used to blindly fulfill the other people’s commands during the revolution and deliberately don’t want to change position. Each of the representatives of three types couldn’t reach emotional balance and was in a conditional isolation in the new conditions. Characters are united by the thought of death. This reinforces the author's idea about impossibility of harmony between old ideals and reality.