ASSESMENT OF DIESEL OIL TOXICITY ON SOME HYDROCARBONOCLASTIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM IKO RIVER ESTUARY IN THE NIGER DELTA
Journal Title: World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 5
Abstract
This study investigated the toxicity of diesel oil on the diversity of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in Iko River estuarine ecosystems to ascertain reasons for poor natural attenuation of the ecosystems in the event of an oil spill. Water and sediment samples were collected from predetermined locations and subjected to microbiological analyses using standard methods. Bacterial identification results revealed taxonomic groups of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria species including Proteus mirabilis strain IFSW, Bacillus cereus TESSWS3, Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESWS1,Citrobacter amalonaticus Y1FSW,Enterobacter sp.Y8ESWS3. Toxicity testing revealed that toxicant concentration, exposure time and bacteria type were key variables that mediated toxicity. A second-order polynomial regression model revealed significant (P<0.05, 0.01; R2=0.9862) relationship between exposure time and bacterial survivability at 20% diesel oil. The study revealed that the higher the diesel concentration, the higher the toxicity. At 20% concentration of diesel oil, the growth of Citrobacter amalonaticus Y1FSW, Proteus mirabilis strain IFSW and Enterobacter sp.Y8ESWS3 were retarded within 72 hrs and no acclimation period was observed in these isolates within 72 hrs. This could be attributed to the presence of low molecular weight compounds that are usually more toxic than long chain hydrocarbons, which are less soluble and bioavailable. Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESWS1 was tolerant to 80% of toxicant concentrations as was evidenced in its prolonged acclimation periods. In conclusion, this study has identified an uncommon hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium, Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESWS1, with commendable ability to tolerate reasonable concentrations of diesel oil. The bacterium is recommended for bio-augmentation in bioremediation technology of hydrocarbon-impacted estuarine ecosystems in the Niger Delta.
Authors and Affiliations
Abigail Johnny Nkanang
Keywords
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