ASSESSMENT OF ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE AMONG HYPOTENSIVE PATIENTS
Journal Title: Harsukh Educational Charitable Society International Journal of Community Health and Medical Research - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Fluid and electrolyte disorders are considered one of the most common clinical problems observed in any clinical setup. Critical situations such as severe burns, trauma, sepsis, brain damage, and heart failure might cause disturbances in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The most common mechanisms include decreased perfusion to the kidney due to hypovolemia or hypotension. Thus, leading to activation of hormonal systems such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vasopressin; and tubular damage observed due to ischemic or nephrotoxic kidney damage, including renal insult caused by a myriad of medications used in the intensive care. Material and method: A study analysis was conducted in the ICU department of our medical college and hospital to evaluate the electrolyte imbalance in hypotensive patients. All patients selected were adults. A total of 55 patients were analysed and evaluated according to the electrolytic variation in the blood over a period of 10 months. Results: Out of the 55 patients, 37 were male and 18 were female. 21 patients were suffering from road side injury (38%), 8 were suffering from serious burns. Out of 29 patients of the traumatic category chances of hyponatremia and hypomagnesemia were high, i.e in 27 cases. In non-traumatic category out of 26 patients, majority had hyponatremia, hypokalemia Conclusion: Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities in critically ill patients might cause fatal consequences. More caution to electrolyte disturbances should be practiced in intensive care because it is nearly impossible to adequately assess symptoms and signs of critically ill patients. So as to provide optimal management, clinicians should be through with fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and the underlying pathophysiology of the respective disorders.
Authors and Affiliations
Janardan Singh
Keywords
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