ASSOCIATION OF PARENTAL SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND AGE WITH CONSANGUINITY- A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 34
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consanguineous marriages are common in India, particularly in southern states and Muslim communities. As far as worldwide scenario is concerned in North and sub-Saharan Africa as well as West, Central and South Asia, around 20% to 50% of marriages are consanguineous. Consanguinity is influenced by many socioeconomic factors. Higher rates of consanguinity generally are reported in rural areas, among women who have low education and lower socioeconomic status and with younger age at marriage. Consanguineous unions lead to increased inheritance of autosomal recessive genes, thereby resulting in offspring with congenital defects than compared to non-consanguineous unions. To control the genetic burden of society, it has become increasingly important to spread the awareness regarding this among communities and regions having higher incidence of consanguineous marriages. There is a need to study associated factors like socioeconomic status, age, parity and religion in relation to their influence on incidence of consanguineous unions. Many authors have worked on the same subject and concluded different findings as their studies varied in study location, study population, study design, methodology etc. In this review article, we have done a detailed analysis of old and recent articles addressing the effect of socio-economic status and age on occurrence of consanguineous marriages. Aim- To assess the association of parental socio-economic status and age with the occurrence of consanguineous unions. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online search was initiated in databases like PubMed, Medline, Cochrane library, Embase, Medline plus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar for old and recent articles studying Association of Parental Socioeconomic Status and Age on Consanguinity. Medical terms like consanguinity, congenital defects, socioeconomic status, parental age etc. were used to search the articles. Around 22 articles were found since 1958 till date. Amongst 22 articles, fifteen articles having significant conclusions were shortlisted and their results were analysed, compared with other articles and also with the author’s own study. 1 The shortlisting was done by going through the abstract/ full article of all the articles. Study Settings and Design- ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Systematic Review article. RESULTS Almost all studies have concluded that incidence of consanguineous marriage is more common in lower socio-economic class. Lower the age of female or male, more is the possibility of them to undergo consanguineous union. These observations are consistent in studies conducted in various regions of the world and amongst various communities, although the incidence varies. Observations regarding association of maternal age and socio-economic status with consanguinity were statistically significant more often than those regarding association of paternal age and socio-economic status with consanguinity. Hence, female education needs to be encouraged followed by strong measures ensuring her socio-economic stability. Awareness regarding harmful genetic effects of consanguineous unions should be spread profusely amongst highly prevalent regions and communities. CONCLUSION 1. Increased incidence of consanguineous unions is observed amongst parents of lower socio-economic status. 2. Increased incidence of consanguineous unions is observed amongst couples marrying at a younger age. 3. Consanguineous unions result in increased incidence of premature births, perinatal mortality and congenitally anomalous offspring. 4. Consanguineous unions results in increased incidence of low birth weight offspring and those with lower anthropometric values.
Authors and Affiliations
Charmode Sundip Hemant
Keywords
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- EP ID EP544766
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2018/852
- Views 137
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