Changes of the structure of forest phytocoenosis after clear-cutting of the declining spruce stand and evaluation of management methods in the forests of the Silesian Beskid Mts. (Western Carpathians)
Journal Title: Roczniki Bieszczadzkie - Year 2012, Vol 20, Issue 1
Abstract
Development of Silesian industry in 19th century became the reason of clearcutting thousand hectares of forests. These were: beech, beech-fir and beech-firspruce forests of the primeval Carpathian tree stands within the area of the Western Carpathians. Monocultures of quickly growing spruce were planted instead. Spruce seeds of alien origin were often used for establishment of artificial forests promoted by the economy. However, being not adapted to climatic-habitat conditions and the quality of these forests became getting worse because of local air pollution. In the effect of past and present clear-cuttings a necessity of restoration of completely destroyed tree stands emerged. Forest management activities should be directed into forests more diversified in species, structurally more complicated (unevenaged) and better adapted to local conditions. The floristic and soil studies on changes in permanent study plot in forest phytocoenosis in a 5-year time span were made in the Silesian Beskid Mts. from 1994 to 2011. In 2005 the artificial spruce Picea abies stand was clear-cut. However, despite abundant spruce and beech new-growth and up-growth, pine Pinus sylvestris was planted on the study plot in 2009. The paper presents the rate and direction of changes in the phytocoenosis under the influence of tree stand clear-cutting. Preliminary evaluation of management action, as well as indications of fir regeneration in the phytocoenosis are presented. In authors’ opinion this is the most appropriate species for enrichment the future spruce-beech stand of the lowermontane zone located at western edge of fir range in the Western Carpathians.
Authors and Affiliations
Aldona Uziębło, Alicja Barć, Piotr Kubiesa, Tomasz Staszewski
Keywords
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