Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Hyperprolactinemia in Children and Adolescents: National Survey

Journal Title: Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology - Year 2019, Vol 11, Issue 2

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to report the characteristics at admission, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of cases of pediatric hyperprolactinemia in a large multicenter study. Methods: We reviewed the records of 233 hyperprolactinemic patients, under 18 years of age, who were followed by different centers. The patients were divided as having microadenomas, macroadenomas, drug-induced hyperprolactinemia and idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. Complaints of the patients, their mode of treatment (medication and/or surgery) and outcomes were evaluated in detail. Results: The mean age of the patients with hyperprolactinemia was 14.5 years, and 88.4% were females. In terms of etiology, microadenomas were observed in 32.6%, macroadenomas in 27%, idiopathic hyperprolactinemia in 22.7% and drug-induced hyperprolactinemia in 6.4%. Other causes of hyperprolactinemia were defined in 11.3%. Common complaints in females (n=206) were sorted into menstrual irregularities, headaches, galactorrhea, primary or secondary amenorrhea and weight gain, whereas headache, gynecomastia, short stature and blurred vision were common in males (n=27). Median prolactin levels were 93.15 ng/mL, 241.8 ng/mL, 74.5 ng/mL, 93.2 ng/mL, and 69 ng/mL for microadenomas, macroadenomas, idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, drug-induced hyperprolactinemia, and other causes of hyperprolactinemia, respectively. Of 172 patients with hyperprolactinemia, 77.3% were treated with cabergoline and 13.4% with bromocriptine. 20.1% of the patients with pituitary adenomas underwent pituitary surgery. Conclusion: We present the largest cohort of children and adolescents with hyperprolactinemia in the literature to date. Hyperprolactinemia is more common in females and cabergoline is highly effective and practical to use in adolescents, due to its biweekly dosing. Indications for surgery in pediatric cases need to be revised.

Authors and Affiliations

Erdal Eren, Ayça Törel Ergür, Şükriye Pınar İşgüven, Eda Çelebi Bitkin, Merih Berberoğlu, Zeynep Şıklar, Firdevs Baş, Servet Yel, Serpil Baş, Elif Söbü, Abdullah Bereket, Serap Turan, Halil Sağlam, Oya Ercan, Tülay Güran, Mehmet Emre Atabek, Hüseyin Anıl Korkmaz, Aylin Kılınç Uğurlu, Ayşehan Akıncı, Esra Döğer, Enver Şimşek, Emine Demet Akbaş, Ayhan Abacı, Ülkü Gül, Sezer Acar, Melek Yıldız, Edip Ünal, Ömer Tarım

Keywords

Related Articles

Restless Legs Syndrome and Poor Sleep Quality in Obese Children and Adolescents

Objective: Adult epidemiological studies suggest that the rate of Restless Legs syndrome (RLS) in the general population may range from 5% to 15%. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of RLS in a commun...

Transient Neonatal Diabetes due to a Mutation in KCNJ11 in a Child with Klinefelter Syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome is the most frequent chromosomal aneuploidy in males occurring in about 1 in 660 males. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated increased risk of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in adults with...

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding In Adolescents

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common gynecologic complaint of adolescents admitted to hospital. Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is the most frequent clinical presentation of AUB. Anovulatory cycles, owing to...

Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism due to Novel FGFR1 Mutations

Objective: The underlying genetic etiology of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is heterogeneous. Fibroblast growth factor signaling is pivotal in the ontogeny of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Loss-of-function...

Severe Early Onset Obesity due to a Novel Missense Mutation in Exon 3 of the Leptin Gene in an Infant from Northwest India

Monogenic obesity, caused by mutations in one of the genes involved in the control of hunger and satiety, is a rare cause of early onset obesity (EOO). The most common of the single gene alterations affect the leptin gen...

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP581882
  • DOI 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2018.2018.0206
  • Views 205
  • Downloads 0

How To Cite

Erdal Eren, Ayça Törel Ergür, Şükriye Pınar İşgüven, Eda Çelebi Bitkin, Merih Berberoğlu, Zeynep Şıklar, Firdevs Baş, Servet Yel, Serpil Baş, Elif Söbü, Abdullah Bereket, Serap Turan, Halil Sağlam, Oya Ercan, Tülay Güran, Mehmet Emre Atabek, Hüseyin Anıl Korkmaz, Aylin Kılınç Uğurlu, Ayşehan Akıncı, Esra Döğer, Enver Şimşek, Emine Demet Akbaş, Ayhan Abacı, Ülkü Gül, Sezer Acar, Melek Yıldız, Edip Ünal, Ömer Tarım (2019). Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Hyperprolactinemia in Children and Adolescents: National Survey. Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology, 11(2), 149-156. https://www.europub.co.uk/articles/-A-581882