Comparison of body composition and adipokine levels between thin and normal-weight prepubertal children
Journal Title: Jornal de Pediatria - Year 2017, Vol 93, Issue 4
Abstract
Objective Thinness can have substantial consequences for child development and health. Adipokines, including leptin and adiponectin, play a significant role in the regulation of important metabolic functions. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between body composition and serum leptin and adiponectin levels in thin and normal-weight children. Methods The authors examined 100 healthy prepubertal children, who were divided into two subgroups: thin (n=50) and normal-weight children (n=50). Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum concentrations of adipokines were determined by immunoenzymatic assays. Results Thin children had a similar body height but significantly lower (p<0.0001) body weight, body mass index, fat mass, lean mass, and bone mineral content compared with normal-weight children. Serum concentrations of leptin were about 2-fold lower (p<0.0001) in thin vs. normal-weight subjects. Serum levels of total adiponectin, adiponectin multimers, and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) were similar in both groups. The leptin/soluble leptin receptor ratio and leptin/adiponectin ratios were lower (p<0.0001) in thin vs. normal-weight children. In both groups of children, it was found that body composition parameters were positively related with leptin but not with adiponectin levels. Additionally, bone mineral content was positively related with body mass index, fat mass, lean mass, and leptin level in thin and normal-weight children. Conclusions Prepubertal thin children have disturbances in body composition and adipokine profile. Early recognition of thinness and determination of body composition parameters and adipokine levels can be useful in medical and nutritional care of thin children for the optimization of bone mineral accrual.
Authors and Affiliations
Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP503575
- DOI 10.1016/j.jped.2016.11.004
- Views 76
- Downloads 0
Opinions of Brazilian resuscitation instructors regarding resuscitation in the delivery room of extremely preterm newborns
Objective To describe the opinions of pediatricians who teach resuscitation in Brazil on initiating and limiting the delivery room resuscitation of extremely preterm infants. Method Cross-sectional study with electronic...
Adiposity, inflammation and fat-soluble vitamins in adolescents
Objective Evaluate the association between inflammatory process, adiposity, and vitamins A, D, and E in adolescents, according to gender. Methods Cross-sectional study with adolescents aged 12–19 years old of both gende...
Signs and symptoms of developmental abnormalities of the genitourinary tract
Objective The abnormalities of the genitourinary tract development are the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. The diagnosis of this disease in Brazil is late and incomplete, which results in incre...
Behavioral and neural correlates of emotional development: typically developing infants and infants of depressed and/or anxious mothers
Objectives To describe the main findings of studies of behavioral and neural correlates regarding the development of facial emotion processing during the first year of life in typically developing infants and infants of...
The use of high-flow nasal cannula in the pediatric emergency department
Objectives To summarize the current literature describing high-flow nasal cannula use in children, the components and mechanisms of action of a high-flow nasal cannula system, the appropriate clinical applications, and i...