Comparison of Salivary pH, Buffering Capacity and Alkaline Phosphatase in Smokers and Healthy Non-Smokers Retrospective cohort study
Journal Title: Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal - Year 2016, Vol 16, Issue 3
Abstract
Objectives: Saliva contains alkaline phosphatase (ALP)—a key intracellular enzyme related to destructive processes and cellular damage—and has buffering capacity (BC) against acids due to the presence of bicarbonate and phosphate ions. Smoking may have deleterious effects on the oral environment due to pH changes which can affect ALP activity. Tis study aimed to evaluate the salivary pH, BC and ALP activity of male smokers and healthy non-smokers. Methods: Tis retrospective cohort study took place between August 2012 and December 2013. A total of 251 healthy male non-smokers and 259 male smokers from Hamadan, Iran, were selected. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from each participant and pH and BC were determined using a pH meter. Salivary enzymes were measured by spectrophotometric assay. Results: Mean salivary pH (7.42 ± 0.48 and 7.52 ± 0.43, respectively; P = 0.018) and BC (3.41 ± 0.54 and 4.17 ± 0.71; P = 0.001) was signifcantly lower in smokers compared to non-smokers. Mean ALP levels were 49.58 ± 23.33 IU/L among smokers and 55.11 ± 27.85 IU/L among non-smokers (P = 0.015). Conclusion: Signifcantly lower pH, BC and ALP levels were observed among smokers in comparison to a healthy control group. Tese salivary alterations could potentially be utilised as biochemical markers for the evaluation of oral tissue function and side-effects among smokers. Further longitudinal studies are recommended to evaluate the effects of smoking on salivary components.
Authors and Affiliations
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel| Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Parisa Falsaf| Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Mohammad T. Goodarzi| Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jalal Poorolajal| Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Keywords
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