Critical review of hypercalcemia

Journal Title: Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 1

Abstract

Hypercalcemia is a clinical condition with an abnormally high serum calcium (Ca) level. Hypercalcemia is associated with many diseases with primary hyperparathyroidism and some malignancies accounting for greater than 90% of cases. Hypercalcemia may be clinically useful as a diagnostic or prognostic marker for these diseases. This paper covers the various etiologies attributing to hypercalcemia, pathogenesis and the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia is a useful diagnostic marker in hypercalcemia-related diseases such as primary hyperparathyroidism, malignancies and granulomatous disorders. Adequate managements or treatments are aimed to reduce serum Ca levels by preventing bone resorption, enhancing urinary Ca excretion, or preventing intestinal Ca absorption. The optimal choice is dependent on the cause and/or severity of hypercalcemia. Drug treatment or management of hypercalcemia include: Bisphosphonates, Gallium nitrate, Glucocorticoids and Denosumab.

Authors and Affiliations

Uchendu Ikenna Kingsley| Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria, Chidozie Elochukwu Agu| Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar, PMB 1115 Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria, Tochi Faith Nwosu| Barnes Hospital and Cardiac Diagnostic Laboratories Ltd. 34b, Yesufu Abiodun Oniru Road, Dideolu Estates, Victoria Island Extension, Lagos State, Nigeria

Keywords

Related Articles

Effect of Allopregnenalone (AP) and 4′- Chlorodiazepam (4′CD) on the Lindane-induced acute and chronic convulsive behavior in rats

Neurosteroids (NS) are considered important modulators of brain functions. Lindane a pesticide has been shown to affect the nervous system adversely. The present study was designed to explore the modulation of the effe...

A comparative study between propofol and thiopentone for hemodynamic parameters during induction of general anesthesia in surgical patients

Hemodynamic stability is very much important during induction of general anesthesia. So, this study was planned to compare hemodynamic parameters during induction by thiopentone and propofol. This prospective study was...

Generalized pustular psoriasis of pregnancy

Generalized pustular psoriasis also called as Impetigo Herpetiformis is a rare eruption occurring in pregnancy characterized by generalized symmetrical grouped pustular lesions associated with constitutional symptoms....

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP12766
  • DOI 10.5455/jmas.254690
  • Views 428
  • Downloads 27

How To Cite

Uchendu Ikenna Kingsley, Chidozie Elochukwu Agu, Tochi Faith Nwosu (2017). Critical review of hypercalcemia. Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences, 7(1), 3-8. https://www.europub.co.uk/articles/-A-12766