Cutaneous manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital at Bihar, India: An Observational Study
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 7
Abstract
Background: Almost all diabetic patients eventually develop skin complications from the long-term effects of diabetes mellitus on the microcirculation and on skin collagen. Cutaneous infections are more common in type 2 diabetes, whereas autoimmune-related lesions are more common in type 1. Methodology: This observational study was conducted with patients in the Diabetic OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern India from January 2016 to December 2016. Two hundred patients satisfying the diagnostic criteria for diabetes were taken. A detailed history was elicited in each case with particular reference to cutaneous complaints and including details regarding duration, history of evolution, progression and treatment modalites, if any. Results: Of the study population 178 (89%) were cases of type 2 diabetes, 19 (9.5%) type 1 diabetes and 03 (1.5%) were cases of gestational diabetes. Out of 200 cases, 111 (55.5%) patients had some associated cutaneous manifestations comprising 69 (62.16%) males and 42 (37.84%) females. Cutaneous infections formed the largest group of dermatoses were observed in 61 (54.95%).Among the bacterial infection which were seen in 21 (18.92%) cases, impetigo contagiosa 7 (6.31%), folliculitis and boils 6 (5.41%), and two cases of erythrasma (1.8%). Dermatophytoses were seen in 22 (19.82%) patients, comprising tinea corporis et curis 9 (8.1%), tinea unguium in 3 (2.7%), tinea pedis 8 (7.21%) and tinea incognito in 2 (1.8%). Herpes zoster was seen in 2 patients (1.8%). Dermatoses or non-infectious skin lesions were seen in 58 (52.25%) diabetic cases. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus can be complicated by a variety of cutaneous manifestations. As the duration of diabetes increased, the likelihood of developing skin manifestations also increases. Early referral to the dermatologist may help to detect complications of the skin in diabetes at an early stage and may prevent disability caused by these complications.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr Ichchhit Bharat
Keywords
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