CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS OF FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM SCHWABE ON CEREAL CULTURES
Journal Title: Вісник Одеського національного університету. Біологія - Year 2019, Vol 24, Issue 1
Abstract
Problem. Fusarium wilt of cereals is manifested on a large scale and in a stable way in Ukraine. Fusarium mycotoxins are characterized not only by general toxicity but cytogenetic genotoxicity. The aim of the work is to assess the cytogenetic genotoxicity of the Fusarium graminearum Schwabe inoculum. Materials and methods. Bread wheat Kuyalnik, barley Rosava, strain K-90 of F. graminearum were used. The vigour and germination of seeds were determined by the standard, genotoxicity – by anaphase test. The main results of the study. The impact of the inoculum significantly reduced the vigour and to a lesser extent the seeds germination of wheat and barley as well as reduced mitotic index in the root meristem of seedlings. The barley mitoses were suppressed more strongly than in wheat. The proportion of cells with impaired mitosis significantly increased in barley more than in wheat. Chromosomal aberrations (bridges, fragments), asymmetric mitosis, and complex disorders (several types of disorders in one cell) were observed. The frequency of chromosomal aberrations in wheat increased by 2.6 times compared with the control, and in barley – by 4 times. The asymmetry was due to unequal chromosome separation and a disorder in the orientation of the spindle. The spindle damage was often combined with splitting of the division poles, which led to multipolar mitosis. There was a 13-fold increase in proportion of asymmetric mitoses resulting from the exposure to the inoculum. Conclusion. The inoculum metabolites of Fusarium graminearum significantly reduce the germination energy and seed germination, the mitotic index of the bread wheat and barley meristem. At the same time, the proportion of cells with chromosomal aberrations, asymmetric mitosis and complex mitosis disorders significantly increased.
Authors and Affiliations
A. L. Sechniak, S. L. Miros, E. A. Dovganiuk
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP662441
- DOI 10.18524/2077-1746.2019.1(44).167886
- Views 108
- Downloads 0
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