Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in Pap Smear Samples from South Khorasan Province of Iran
Journal Title: International Journal of Fertility & Sterility - Year 2018, Vol 12, Issue 1
Abstract
Background Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI), leads to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility and chronic pelvic pain in women as well as an increased risk of vertical transmission, conjunctivitis and pneumonitis in infants. It may also be a co-factor along with human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer progression. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CT genotypes in genital specimens of women from South Khorasan, Iran and to test the association between CT and cytology statistics. Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional study on 248 Pap smear samples from women who visited a gynecologist for routine Pap smear testing in South Khorasan province. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test the residual fluids of Pap smears for CT-DNA after cytological examination. Direct sequencing, alignment and phylogenic analyses were performed on eight samples to identify their genotypes. Results The mean age of patients was 37.54 ± 5.21 years. Most samples had a normal cytology (214 cases, 86.29%). Overall, 31 samples were positive for CT infection (12.5%) of which 20 (9.34%) were normal and 11 (32.35%) were abnormal, with the frequency difference being significant (P=0.022). The co-infection of CT/HPV in total was identified in 14 cases (5.6%). The results of sequencing eight samples out of the 31 CT positive samples revealed the detection of genotypes D and E, each with four cases. Conclusion We show that a high prevalence of genital CT infection is present in women with both normal and abnormal cytology; however, the higher prevalence among women in the abnormal group may indicate its involvement in cervical neoplasia.
Authors and Affiliations
Mohammad Hasan Namaei
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP559543
- DOI 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5064
- Views 162
- Downloads 0
Sexual Satisfaction and Sexual Reactivity in Infertile Women: The Contribution of The Dyadic Functioning and Clinical Variables
Background Infertility is a factor which has been linked to higher prevalence of sexual dysfunctions in women; however, ambiguous results have been reported about the impact of infertility on women’s sexual satisfaction....
Expression profile of developmentally important genes in pre- and peri-implantation goat embryos produced in vitro
Background: Little is understood about the regulation of gene expression during early goat embryo development. This study investigated the expression profile of 19 genes, known to be critical for early embryo development...
A Preliminary Report of A Low-Dose Step-Up Regimen of Recombinant Human FSH for Young Women Undergoing Ovulation Induction with IUI
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (r-FSH) low-dose step-up regimen for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in patients undergoing...
Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Could It Be Related to Cell-Mediated Immunity Defect in Response to Candida Antigen?
Background Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is a common cause of morbidity affecting millions of women worldwide. Patients with RVVC are thought to have an underlying immunologic defect. This study has been esta...
Chances to have a boy after gender selection by pre-implantation genetic diagnosis are reduced in couples with only girls and without a boy sired by the male partner
Background Gender selection and family planning have their roots in human history. Despite great interest in these fields, very few scientific propositions exist which could explain why some family do not attain the desi...