Determination of Lead and Cadmium Contents and Microbial Contamination Assessment in Kohl used in Libyan Markets
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2017, Vol 12, Issue 2
Abstract
This study aims to determine some heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) content in traditional eye cosmetics known as kohl, which is available in Tripoli markets in Libya. An analytical test was performed for ten kohl samples using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA280-FS). The overall mean (n= 6) concentration for each heavy metal was analyzed. The results of nine kohl samples (2-10) showed that the concentrations of lead and cadmium in these samples were within the range of 12.92-76.14% and 0.36- 16.87% respectively. These high concentrations of Pb and Cd were over the safe limits set by the world health organization standards (WHO-2012/FAO-2013). Thus the continuous use of these types/brands of kohl can increase the absorption of lead and cadmium into the human body and elevate the health hazards. However; only one kohl sample (No.1) was found to have 0.004% and 0.02% of Pb and Cd respectively. All the kohl samples were evaluated for presence of microbial contamination by culture and staining techniques. No evidence for contamination of the samples by fungi; samples 7 and 8 were free from bacterial contamination; other samples were contaminated with bacillus species which might cause ocular infection and conjunctivitis.
Authors and Affiliations
Amal Belaid1, Asma Eswayah1, Intisar El-Sharaa, Salma Shmaghi3, Abdulkarem Tamer4 ,, Haya AlFassam5, Fulwah Alqahtani, Fadilah Aleanizy
Keywords
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- EP ID EP388689
- DOI 10.9790/3008-1202033438
- Views 86
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