Diagnostic accuracy of pap smear in detection of cervical cancer
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Gynaecology - Year 2019, Vol 10, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and curable of all cancers. More than 85% of the global burden occurs in developing countries, where it accounts for 13% of all female cancers.Cervical cytological screening is designed to detect over 90% of cytological abnormalities. Regular Pap tests every two years, and the appropriate management of any cervical abnormalities detected by the test, can prevent 90% of squamous cell carcinoma.Aims and objective:To study the accuracy of pap smear and biopsy in detection of cervical cancer.Materials and method: Total 120 women who were attending Out Patients Department (OPD) or being admitted to indoor ward were enrolled in the present study. Among them women who fulfilled one or more of the following selection criteria were randomly selected. A detailed clinical history of each patient was taken. A thorough general and systemic examination was done. The cervix was exposed and visualized for any gross pathological features such as erosion ectropion, hypertrophy, Ulcer or fungating growth, polyp, frank cancer and any abnormal vaginal discharge under adequate light and findings were recorded. Pap smear was taken using Ayre’s spatula. The squamo - columnar junction was scraped with the Ayre’s spatula by rotating full 360 degree. The scrapings were evenly spread on a glass slide and immediately fixed by dipping in the jar containing equal parts of 95% ethyl alcohol and ether and transported to the cytopathological laboratory. Smears were analyzed by senior pathologist. Results:In the present study majority of the cases (34.2%) were in age group of 31-40 years followed by 31-40 years. Majority of the cases in the present study were from lower socio-economic class (63.34%). Majority of cases with abnormal cervical lesion were in the multipara group (parity from 2 to 4) which constituted 73.4% cases out of 120 cases.Whitish discharge (68.3%) was the main complaint of majority of the patients with unhealthy cervix followed by irregular bleeding (51.7%).The pap smear showed sensitivity of 86.4% and specificity 92.18% in detecting cervical neoplasia and malignancy. The overall accuracy was 90%.Conclusion:Thus we conclude that Sensitivity of Pap smear was 86.5% and specificity was 92.18% in the present study with the accuracy of 90%.The sensitivity of Pap smear can be increased by eliminating high false negative results by proper technique of slide preparation, fixation and reading.Hence the study concludes that screening programme and awareness regarding cervical cancer should be enhanced and supervised in the grass root level of Western parts of Odisha.
Authors and Affiliations
Kaveri . , Nitumishra .
Keywords
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- EP ID EP615041
- DOI 10.26611/101210210
- Views 180
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