Disruption of Biofilms by the action of Peptides from Human Placental Extract
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 11
Abstract
A biofilm is a structured consortium of bacteria embedded in a self-produced polymer matrix consisting of polysaccharide, protein and DNA that cause two thirds of all infections and demonstrate a 10 to 1000 fold increase in adaptive resistance to conventional antibiotics as well as resisting phagocytosis and other components of the body's defense system. Currently, there are no approved drugs that satisfactorily and specifically target bacterial biofilms. Human placental extract (HPE 100µg/ ml) containing biomolecules like peptides and nucleotides completely prevented biofilm formation and led to the eradication of mature biofilms in representative strains of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Since peptides from plant and animal origin were reported to haveanti-microbial and anti-biofilm properties, an attempt was made to segregate the peptides identified as Fibronectin type III and Ubiquitin like moietyfrom HPE (hence known as HPE peptides) and study their anti-biofilm properties. An initial study was done with HPE containing these peptides and was shown to possess potent anti-biofilm activity. Biofilm was produced by a modification of the tube method originally described by Christensen. First the organisms were inoculated in BHI broth in Eppendorf tube followed by incubation. The growth of biofilm, when formed, was detected by staining with crystal violet and taking the OD values of the dissolved materials after eluting it with ethyl alcohol. When the results were analyzed, it was observed that the HPE peptides inhibited the formation of biofilm by Enterococcus faecalis Candida albicansandEscherichia coli and these inhibitions were statistically significant. In case of Candida albicans the HPE peptide was found to be comparable to Chlorhexidine which was used as a known inhibitor for biofilm production. Inhibition was a little less for Staphylococcus aureus in the said dose of HPE peptides
Authors and Affiliations
Bandyopadhyay Sambit, Narayan Priya, Selvan Arul, Nagendra HG
Keywords
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