Distribution and Abundance of Immature Simulium Species in Oban Streams Cross River State, Nigeria.
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2016, Vol 11, Issue 6
Abstract
A survey of the distribution and abundance of immature Simulium species was carried out in four streams of Oban, Akamkpa Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Larvae and pupae collected were identified as Simulium medusaeforme, S. damnosum, S. alcocki and S. vorax. Of the one thousand one hundred (1,100) immature Simulium species collected between November 2014 and October 2015, 780 (70.91%) and 320 (29.09%) were Simulium larvae and pupae respectively. The larvae of S. medusaeforme (21.41%), S. damnosum (55.51%), S. alcocki (12.31%) and S. vorax (10.09%) were identified. From the 320 pupae, S. medusaeforme (26.8%), S. damnosum (15.63%). S. vorax (35.31%) and S. alcocki (22.19%) were identified. Submerged weeds showed the highest colonization of immature Simulium species compared to submerged rock surfaces, submerged decayed wood and submerged dead leaves. There was significantly higher collection of Simulium larvae and pupae in the dry season in all except Ibe stream. The Shannon biodiversity index was higher in the dry season than the rainy season, with Kwa falls having the highest 1.593 then a decline in Ojuk stream (1.5772), Ibe stream (1.5655) and Mankor stream (1.562). There was statistical significant difference (p < 0.001) between the rainy season and dry season in the abundance of immature Simulium species. The seasonal species richness was highest in the dry season in all the streams sampled except Ibe stream.
Authors and Affiliations
Cletus Inah Iboh1, Gabriel A. Arong2
Keywords
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