Effect of Time of Exposure on the Antimicrobial Potentials of Some Tropical Plants against Cocoa Pod Rot Pathogen- Phytophthora megakarya (B & G) in Nigeria
Journal Title: International Journal of Plant & Soil Science - Year 2017, Vol 20, Issue 4
Abstract
Aims: To determine the effect of time of exposure on the antimicrobial effectiveness of some tropical plants in the control of black pod disease of cocoa caused by Phytophthora megakarya in Nigeria. Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Place and Duration of Study: Plant Pathology Section, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), Ibadan, Nigeria, from 2015 to 2016. Methodology: The antimicrobial effects of aqueous extracts of six selected Tropical plants: Moringa oleifera, Sida acuta, Piper guineense, Ocimum gratissimum, Chromolaena odorata and Cymbopogon citratus against Phytophthora megakarya, causal agent of black pod disease of cocoa was investigated in an in vitro experiment. 200 g leaf samples of each of the plants used were surface sterilized, mashed separately and the resultant pastes were soaked in 200 ml of sterile distilled water and filtered. Varied concentrations of the extracts (10, 25, 50 and 75%) were pour-plated with freshly prepared potato dextrose agar (PDA). Disc culture (5 mm) of Phytophthora megakarya was inoculated into each of the PDA plates and incubated at 25°C for 144 hours. Results: Aqueous extracts of the six plants, at varied concentrations showed different levels of inhibition against the pathogen. C. odorata at all tested concentrations consistently reduced the mycelia growth and showed significantly highest percentage inhibition (P < .05) against the pathogen, followed by Sida acuta, P. guineense, O. gratissimum and C. citratus while M. oleifera gave significantly lowest inhibitory percentage (P < .05). Conclusion: Findings from this research showed that the antimicrobial effectiveness of all the botanicals used decreased with time contrary to that of the standard (chemical fungicide) used. Aqueous extracts of C. odorata having shown some promise, could therefore be used as bio-fungicide in the control of black pod disease of cocoa, but with intermittent application.
Authors and Affiliations
E. A. Babalola, B. A. Ogundeji, S. O. Adio, A. O. Adeji
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP316424
- DOI 10.9734/IJPSS/2017/37039
- Views 126
- Downloads 0
Quantification of Photosynthetic Pigments of Plants, Water and Sediment Samples in Chirackal and Kattiparambu of Ernakulam District, Kerala
Aims: The present study intended to investigate the pigment composition of four selected mangrove plants viz., Avicennia officinalis, Excoecaria agallocha, Rhizophora mucranata and Sonnaratia alba and water and sediment...
Agronomic Evaluation of Four Exotic Tropical Varieties of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) in Two Agro-environments in Nigeria
The research was conducted to evaluate the agronomic performance of five tropical varieties of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) in two agro-environments (Agbani and Iwollo) during the 2013 and 2014 planting season in En...
Characterization of Spatial Variability of Soil Fertility Parameters Using Geo-Spatial Techniques
GPS based surface soil samples were collected from Hanumana, Huzur, Mangawan, Naigarhi, Raipur-Karchulian and Sirmour blocks of Rewa district, Madhya Pradesh, India during off season of 2011-2012. Geographically, it is s...
Content of Cd, Cr and Pb in Soil and Amaranthus caudatus Grown in Yamaltu-Deba Local Government Area, Gombe State, Nigeria
The concentrations of some heavy metals (Cd, Cr and Pb) were determined in top soil and (Amaranthus caudatus) samples from irrigated farmlands in Yamaltu, Gombe State, Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (...
Effects of Deficit Irrigation and Mulching on Seed Yield and Water Use of Onion (Allium cepa L.)
The effects of deficit irrigation and mulch on seed yield, water use and water productivity of onion was studied through a field experiment during 2012 - 2013 and 2013 - 2014 winter season at the experimental field of B...