Enzymatic and NonEnzymatic Virulence Activities of Dermatophytes on Solid Media
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2017, Vol 11, Issue 2
Abstract
Introduction: Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi causing superficial cutaneous infections that account 20-25% of the global population. As per literature search, there is a dearth in the study on virulence factors of dermatophytes from the Indian sub-continent and moreover the association of the virulence factors and the host tissue in vitro helps in understanding the host-pathogen interaction. Aim: To analyse the enzymatic and non-enzymatic virulence activities of dermatophytes on solid media. Materials and Methods: A total of 11 isolates, three standard American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strainsTrichophyton rubrum- 28188, Trichophyton mentagrophytes9533, Trichophyton tonsurans- 28942, one CBS KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre strain- Arthroderma grubyi- 243.66, five clinical isolates- T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum var. raubitschekii, Trichophyton interdigitale, Epidermophyton floccosum, and two laboratory isolates - Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum canis were screened for the production of virulence enzymes such as phospholipase, lipase, protease, gelatinase and non-enzyme virulence factors (haemolytic activity) of dermatophytes. The clinical isolates were identified from a tertiary care hospital, Chennai. These dermatophytes were tested upon specific substrates on solid media such as egg yolk, tween 80, bovine serum albumin, gelatin powder and sheep blood respectively. Results: The virulence activity of phospholipase, lipase, protease and gelatinase was observed from all the dermatophyte species. T. rubrum, T. rubrum ATCC strain, T. rubrum var. raubitschekii, T. mentagrophytes, T. mentagrophytes ATCC strain, T. interdigitale and A. grubyi CBS strain produced complete haemolysis, whereas other dermatophytes showed no haemolytic activity. Conclusion: Phospholipase, lipase, protease and gelatinase act as enzymatic virulence marker and the T. rubrum complex, T. mentagrophytes complex and A. grubyi showed complete haemolysis and hence they may also act as a non-enzymatic virulence marker for dermatophytes.
Authors and Affiliations
Elangovan Elavarashi, Anupma Jyoti Kindo, Sudha Rangarajan
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP331957
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23147.9410
- Views 131
- Downloads 0
Permanent Maxillary First Molar with Two Rooted Anatomy: A Rare Occurrence
The basis of successful endodontic therapy resides on sound and thorough knowledge of the root canal anatomy, its variations and the clinical skills. The importance of the knowledge of the anatomy of root canals cannot b...
Relationship of Respiratory Muscle Strength and Walking Distance with Pulmonary Function, Quality of Life and Nitric Oxide in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients
ABSTRACT Introduction: Respiratory muscle strength and walking distance have been associated with the severity of disease and is used in prescribing rehabilitation programs for persons with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary...
Impact of Nano Hydroxyapatite, Nano Silver Fluoride and Sodium Fluoride Varnish on Primary Teeth Enamel Remineralization: An In Vitro Study
Introduction: Dental caries is still prevailing worldwide, although different anti caries products have been introduced. Each remineralizing agent has its own shortcomings. Therefore, looking for new agents to have benef...
Colonic Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Sarcomatoid Differentiation
ABSTRACT Renal Cell carcinoma (RCC) can metastasize to any site in the body but metastasis to Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) is extremely rare. Sarcomatoid RCC (sRCC), an aggressive subclone can be seen in variable proport...
Nature of Hard Tissues in Oral Pathological Lesions –Using Modified Gallego’s Stain
Introduction: Histological stains are dyes that bind to various tissues. Special stains form an integral part of routine histopathology as an adjunct to Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), and give meaningful diagnostic inform...