EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS FROM BIOMASS OF ACTIVE SLUDGE FOR BIOPLASTICS PRODUCTION
Journal Title: Вісник Кременчуцького національного університету імені Михайла Остроградського - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 112
Abstract
Purpose. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the using of excessive active sludge as a substrate for receiving bioplastics biotechnology, as well as the experimental extraction of lipids from active sludge biomass to obtain the lipid fraction as a raw material for the plastics production. Methodology. The extraction of lipids from excessive active sludge biomass and quantitative estimation of the overall fraction of obtained lipids was carried out by the Folch method. The extraction was carried out by extraction mixture of chloroform/methanol (2:1) in a suspension: 10-20 parts on one part of the substrate. The method allows to extract from biomass 90- 95% of all cells lipids. Findings. The prospective product of complex processing of excessive active sludge is bioplastics, which is recommended to obtain from the lipid fraction that is extracted from the biomass of active sludge by extraction method. The basis of the lipid fraction of the sludge’s prokaryotes are saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids with 16-18-carbon atoms. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the cells of prokaryotic are absent. Prokaryotes’ lipids are mainly located in the membranes, cell wall and in the form of spare inclusions. The lipid fraction, namely, phospholipids, derivatives of 3-phosphoglycerin, can account up to 50% of the dry mass of the membrane fraction of the endoplasmic reticulum that is bound to the cell membrane. To increase the yield of lipids from a sludge lipid substratum after water bio-waste processing it is proposed to use a mixture of active sludge with cyanobacteria, which are removed from the water of the eutrophilized reservoirs. Based on the results of the conducted experiments, lipid fractions were obtained in average 0,0041 g per 1 g of dry matter from active sludge and in average 0,0135 g, respectively, from the mixture of active sludge with cyanobacteria. Mathematical processing, namely, a complex statistical analysis of experimental data, was carried out using the Analysis of variance package, which confirmed the practical accuracy of the investigated parameters of the quantitative composition of lipids in the biosubstrate using the Folch method. Originality. It is founded the using of excessive active sludge biomass as a biosubstrate in a mixture with cyanobacteria in plastic technology and the feasibility of using the proposed mixture as a source of a lipid fraction has been experimentally proved. Practical value. The ecological and economic benefits of the proposed technological solution of using the excessive active sludge as a biomaterial in bioplastics technology consist in the implementation of a complex ecologically safe non-waste sludge processing and the possibility of replacing traditional raw materials of synthetic plastic technology on an alternative source of lipid fraction in the production of bioplastics. Conclusions. It is expedient to carry out the quantitative estimation of overall lipids fraction and their ex-traction from biomass of excessive active sludge and from the mixture of active sludge with cyanobacteria by Folch method. The obtained lipid fraction can be used in a technology of bioplastics.
Authors and Affiliations
А. Pasenko, Т. Pismennikova,, О. Karlik
Keywords
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