Factors contributing to the development of diseases of the oral mucosa and gums in children with type 1 diabetes
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2014, Vol 27, Issue 10
Abstract
Introduction. Oral mucosal infections occur more often in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 than in healthy population.Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze factors contributing to diseases of the oral mucosa and gums in diabetic children.Material and methods. Study group: 41 children with diabetes type 1 (18 boys and 23 girls of 5.33-17.83 years, mean age 12.92 ± 3.02); control group included 39 children (19 boys and 20 girls aged 4-17.75 years, mean age 11 ± 3.82). Dental examinations were performed to assess oral hygiene status (OHI-S), the state of oral mucous membrane, gums (GI) and teeth (DMFT/dmft). Material was collected for bacteriological and mycological examination and for evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of saliva. Laboratory rated exponents for control of diabetes were performed.Results. No differences were found in the percentage of Candida spp. between study group and control. Gingivitis was observed with comparable frequency in both groups. The percentage of children with no signs of gingivitis was significantly higher in the control group (20 vs. 33%), while mild gingivitis was more often observed in children with diabetes (68 vs. 46%). Candida spp. infections were more frequent in children with elevated HbA1c. Cheilitis and atrophic glossitis were more often reported for diabetic children. HbA1c level positively correlated with atrophic glossitis, gingivitis, cheilitis and the presence of Lactobacillus acidophilus.Conclusions. Metabolic disorders characteristic for diabetes favor the emergence of oral mucosa and gum diseases. No differences in the incidence rate for fungal gingivitis were observed between diabetic children and controls which may be attributed to more frequent pediatric and dental inspections associated with special care and monitoring of diabetic children.
Authors and Affiliations
Izabela Rogozińska, Beata Pyrżak, Grażyna Miszkurka, Angelika Kalińska, Maria Dąbkowska, Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk
Keywords
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