FAULT IN TORT LAW: MORAL JUSTIFICATION AND MATHEMATICAL EXPLICATION
Journal Title: Проблеми законності - Year 2018, Vol 141, Issue 141
Abstract
The article has two main objectives: (1) to reveal why the fault principle is considered to be morally superior to no-fault liability in primitive law; and (2) to find out the essence of fault in modern tort law and then to express the concept of fault in the most precise manner possible, namely through math formula. It is argued that the very existence of law is contingent on freedom of human’s will. It is the human’s freedom that allows to judge human’s actions. Thus, provided that we consider tort law as a set of rules prohibiting infliction of damage and establishing liability therefor, it is fair to state that fault is a precondition of tort liability specifically because freedom is a precondition of the very law’s operation. Therefore, while establishing fault the court investigates whether the tortfeasor was free at the moment of infliction of damage. Fault denotes that formally wrongful act was committed freely. Since establishing fault is conducted after the wrongful act has been committed (it is conducted within judicial proceedings, which constitute backward-looking research), the inference follows that fault is an ex post conclusion of freedom. However, sometimes all the elements of the free-choice situation being present, the tortfeasor nevertheless cannot be deemed to be at fault. This is the case, where the tortfeasor could have avoided inflicting damage, but at excessively heavy cost. Thus, it is not enough if among the available alternatives there is one harmless; in addition, the harmless option has to be reasonable. Otherwise choosing this harmless option cannot be expected.
Authors and Affiliations
Богдан Карнаух
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP290803
- DOI 10.21564/2414-990x.141.126813
- Views 113
- Downloads 0
Взаємозв’язок матеріального та процесуального значення мотиву і мети злочину
У статті розглянуто визначення понять мотиву та мети злочину як елементів суб’єктивної сторони складу злочину в доктрині права, а також їх процесуальне та матеріальне значення як у правовій науці, так і правозастосовній...
FORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC SUPPORT OF INNOVATIVE RELATIONS IN UKRAINE
The article deals with the formation of the optimal mechanism of economic and legal support of the state innovation policy, the definition of the subject, and would perform a general and leading role for the national inn...
Методология формирования специального режима инновационной деяльности: поста- новка проблеми
Рассмотрены понятия, функциональние виды и основные признаки специальних режимов хозяйствования. Проанализированы цели и особенности внедрения специальных режимов хозяй- ствования в различных сферах экономики на примере...
Environmental law: reflections on its origin and prospects for development
The ecological law of recent years is characterized by the expansion of the social relations covered by its legal norms. The nuclear and energy relations appear in addition to the traditional ecological relations – lands...
Правовая доктрина: понятие, признаки, структура
Статья посвящена раскрытию природы правовой доктрины, определению ее признаков, структуры, содержания и места в системе источников права, установлению и общей характери- стике условий обретения ею значения формы права, ф...