Fetal and neonatal complications of diabetic pregnancy

Journal Title: Moldovan Medical Journal - Year 2017, Vol 60, Issue 4

Abstract

Background: There is currently convincing clinical and experimental evidence that a hyperglycemic intrauterine environment is responsible not only for significant short-term outcomes in the fetus and newborn infant, but it is also an increased risk for long-term outcomes, such as developing diabetes mellitus and other chronic diseases in adulthood. Short-term complications can occur in utero (i. e. diabetic fetopathy, fetal macrosomia, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital malformations, intrauterine fetal death); during labor (shoulder dystocia, birth injuries, intranatal death) and during the neonatal period (respiratory distress syndrome, metabolic, electrolytic and hematological disorders, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, neonatal mortality). The risk of adverse outcomes is greater in pre-gestational diabetes, but undiagnosed and / or poorly controlled gestational diabetes can lead to similar consequences. Although there is currently a relatively clear view on the pathogenesis of fetal and neonatal complications of maternal diabetes and their interconnections, the deep molecular mechanisms are far from being clearly understood. Furthermore, there has been an unexpected increase in the incidence of gestational diabetes worldwide during the last decades, in association with the obesity pandemic and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Maternal diabetes, especially pre-gestational diabetes has a significant impact on the incidence of fetal and neonatal complications with both short and long-term outcomes.

Authors and Affiliations

Daniela Rosca

Keywords

Related Articles

Recommended options in preventing the postpartum hemorrhage

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major public health problem due to complications that have a direct impact on the most important reproductive health indicators: maternal morbidity and mortality. It is a lead...

Distortion products of otoacoustic emissions and their role in assessing hearing loss in young children

Background: Hearing loss in children is far beyond the scope of otology, since audition is the basis of developing speech and cognitive abilities, as well as the child’s personality. Due to its incidence and severe conse...

Management of the aesthetic medicine services in the Republic of Moldova

Background: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in aesthetic medicine. Minor-invasive or injectable procedures, as well as laser therapy have become extremely successful. In case of any inherited or ac...

Evolution peculiarities of the flu in pregnant women

Background: Infection of the pregnant women in advanced period of pregnancy with any of the virus serotypes represents a danger not only for the developing fetus (e.g. fetal intrauterine retardation, fetal distress, olig...

Evolution of the toxocariasis monoinvasion in comparison with the toxocariasis associated with other parasites in children

Background: Toxocariasis is a parasitic infection with a major risk to children, especially because of their incompletely developed immune system, high risk of infection or frequent re-infection, all correlated with livi...

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP487959
  • DOI 10.5281/zenodo.1106903
  • Views 174
  • Downloads 0

How To Cite

Daniela Rosca (2017). Fetal and neonatal complications of diabetic pregnancy. Moldovan Medical Journal, 60(4), 49-55. https://www.europub.co.uk/articles/-A-487959