Gene Chips in Microbiology-its Various Diagnostic Applications
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 11
Abstract
The laboratory introduction of in vitro nucleic acid amplification techniques, led by real-time PCR, into the clinical microbiology laboratory has transformed the laboratory detection of viruses and select bacterial pathogens. However, the progression of the molecular diagnostic revolution currently relies on the ability to efficiently and accurately offer multiplex detection and characterization for a variety of infectious disease pathogens. Multiple microarray platforms exist, including printed double-stranded DNA and oligonucleotide arrays, in situ-synthesized arrays, high-density bead arrays, electronic microarrays, and suspension bead arrays. This review highlights uses of microarray technology that impact diagnostic microbiology, including the detection and identification of pathogens, determination of antimicrobial resistance, epidemiological strain typing, analysis of microbial infections using host genomic expression and polymorphism profiles and various other applications. Other application of microarray include differentiations of mycobacterial species and detection of tuberculosis drug resistence, detection of virulence factors of microbial pathogens, detection of pathogens in food and water sample, typing of antimicrobial resistence genes ,and identification of fungal pathogens. This article has also reviewed the roll of microarray in the diagnosis of parasitic infection(identification of parasitic genes),industrial application of microarray(gene expression profiling to determine the effect of antibiotics,agrochemicals,pharmaceutical products on different organisms ) and the roll of array in the detection of graft rejection
Authors and Affiliations
B. V Shamsundar
Keywords
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