German education in Łódź before 1914 – the organization, structure, and the directions of development
Journal Title: Przegląd Historyczno-Oświatowy - Year 2018, Vol 0, Issue 3
Abstract
Łódź, the city developing dynamically after the arrival of the first group of settlers, mainly Germans, in the 1820’s had to satisfy many everyday needs of its residents. Such needs included education, which was treated in a special manner by the newcomers, as in German countries, where new residents of Łódź came from, elementary education was obligatory since the 1880’s. Moreover, for the German community settling down in Łódź, education was an element of culture which made it possible to nurture and save their language, tradition, customs, and, what follows, their national identity; therefore, the community wanted to organize its own schools in the city. The first German school in Łódź was established in 1826, i.e. three years after the arrival of the first group of settlers. The curriculum included reading, reading the Bible, basics of arithmetic, copying a printed text, and knowledge of the catechism, Bible stories, and church hymns. In the period studied herein (1823–1914), German schools had various structures and organi- zational forms. They included elementary schools, secondary centres (gymnasi- ums), occupational institutions (Sunday craft schools and schools of crafts), and a teaching college. Elementary schools were the most diverse in terms of their or- ganization, as they included: 1. government and municipal religious (evangelical and Catholic) centres; 2. religious cantor schools, which belonged to evangelical parochial communities; 3. private schools (operating in factories, and established by philanthropic and social organizations). Some of them were co-educational; other ones were only for girls or boys.
Authors and Affiliations
Joanna SOSNOWSKA
Keywords
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- EP ID EP497616
- DOI 10.17460/ PHO_2018.3_4.05
- Views 159
- Downloads 0
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