Grain Size Analysis of Karli River Estuarine Sediments Sindhudurg, Maharashtra, India.
Journal Title: International Journal of engineering Research and Applications - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 10
Abstract
Estuaries are coastal ecological niche, receiving importance in recent years due to industrialization, urbanization, and construction of harbors along their bank. The estuaries have also gained importance and attracted the attention of scientists, administrators and ecologists in view of their biodiversity. Most of the estuarine areas are put into various uses, such as constant source of fish supply for coastal population, with high agriculture potential used for cultivation, habitat for birds, recreation, navigation, bird watching, domestic use, disposal of industrial waste and sewage. Estuaries are ideal grounds for aquaculture. The estuarine environment is recognized as a complex ecosystem with widely varying physico-chemical influences and characteristic biota. Sediment composition within the estuaries is a major controlling factor which depends on the type and amount of material released from the catchment area of a river. The rivers within tropical climatic zones are bound to release higher quantity of transported material into the estuaries due to the humid climate. Once released into the aquatic environment, trace metals may also interact with suspended matter, and subsequently be removed from the water column facilitating deposition. Metal concentration in sediments within estuaries can be influenced by several factors such as salinity, freshwater discharge, flow rates and geomorphological conditions. Further, sediments composed of different geochemical phases such as clay, silt, sand, organic material, oxides of iron and manganese, carbonates and sulphide complexes, act as potential binding sites for metals entering an estuarine system. Metals are natural constituents, but anthropogenic activities can cause elevated levels of these metals in various parts of the system. Once the metal concentration exceeds certain level, they may lead to severe environmental problems.
Authors and Affiliations
Shivani hulaji, Nagaraju . D, Balasubramanian . A, Siddaraju . K, Honamgond . P. T
Keywords
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