Hantavirus Infections in Light of Current Knowledge
Journal Title: Mediterranean Journal of Infection, Microbes and Antimicrobials - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
Hantavirus is an enveloped virus with an RNA genome comprised of three negative-sense, single-stranded segments and belongs to the genus Hantavirus in family Bunyaviridae. Human infections are seen in two different clinical presentations: “Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome” and “Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome”. However, the main pathogenic mechanism is vascular endothelial dysfunction; viral properties and host immunogenetic factors both play a role in pathogenesis. Early diagnosis and supportive treatment are crucial to prevent mortality. Fluid/electrolyte and oxygen therapy, renal replacement, regulation of blood pressure, and blood or blood products replacement are the main components of supportive treatment. Although ribavirin is controversial in the specific treatment, some studies have suggested that it may be beneficial, especially during the oliguric phase. Favipiravir and icatibant are other effective drugs in the treatment, and the use of αvβ3 integrin inhibitors is also suggested. In recent years, monoclonal antibodies have been proposed for treatment as well as prophylaxis. DNA vaccines prepared with new technologies have good efficacy, enhancing the neutralizing antibody response. The next major breakthrough in Hantavirus immunization will be a vaccine that is effective against all viral subtypes.
Authors and Affiliations
Selçuk KAYA
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP689361
- DOI 10.4274/mjima.2017.16
- Views 146
- Downloads 0
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonotic infectious disease caused by the CCHF virus belonging to the genus Nairovirus of the Bunyaviridae family. Transmission occurs mainly as a result of Hyalomma...
Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia (HIV-Negative AIDS): Case Report and Literature Review
Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL), also known as non-HIV AIDS, is a rare disease characterized by opportunistic infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases. Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia is defined as CD4+ T-ly...
Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with HBsAg and Anti-HCV Seropositivity: Results of a Nationwide Population-based Epidemiological Survey Study in Turkey
Introduction: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate factors associated with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positivity through the “Raising Public Awareness and Determining Epidemio...
Evaluation of Injuries Involving Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids Among Hospital Healthcare Workers
Introduction: Injuries involving exposure to blood and body fluids are among the risks that healthcare staff frequently encounter. In this study, injuries that occurred in Nenehatun Obstetrics Hospital from January 2011...
Rational Antibiotic Use: How Much Can Duration of Antibiotic Therapy Be Shortened?
Infectious diseases are conditions with significant consequences in terms of public health while associated mortality, morbidity, and complications can be prevented. Disease severity and duration can be shortened by mean...