Horse Shoe Kidney
Journal Title: Indian Journal of Anatomy - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 5
Abstract
Horse shoe Kidney was first recognized during an autopsy De Carpi in 1521. This anomaly consisits of two distinct renal masses lying vertically on either side of midline and connected at their respective lower poles by a parenchymatous or fibrous isthmus that crosses the mid plane of the body. This isthmus lies at the level of 4th lumbar vertebra just beneath the origin of inferior mesenteric artery in about 40% of cases. Fusion of upper poles instead of the lower poles results in an inverted horse Shoe Kidney which constitute 5-10% of all Horse-Shoe kidneys, (i.e. in 95% of HSK, fusion is at lower poles). HSK is found more commonly in males by a 2:1 margin. Summary & Conclusion: The abnormality originates between 4th and 6th weeks of gestation, after the ureteral bud has entered the renal blastema. Boyden (1931) postulated that at the 14 mm stage (4.5 weeks) the developing metanephric masses lie close to one another, any disturbance in their relation ship may result in joining at their inferior poles. Usually the fusion of the both kidneys occurs before they have rotated on their long axis ,thus pelvis and ureters of HSK are being usually placed anteriorly. Rarerly, fusion occurs after some rotation had already taken place in which case the pelves are anterimedialy placed.
Authors and Affiliations
P. Venkateswara Rao
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP510278
- DOI 10.21088/ija.2320.0022.7518.10
- Views 70
- Downloads 0
Morphometric Study of the Proximal End of the Adult Human Dried Radii
Introduction: Knowledge of size and shape of proximal end of radius i.e. radial head is necessary for creation of anatomically and biomechanically correct radial head prosthesis. This difference in biome-chanics of circu...
Light Microscopic Study of Developing Medulla of Fetal Adrenal Gland
One hundred human foetuses having crown-rump length in the range of 7–36 cm and gestational age of 12–36 weeks were subjected to morphological and histological studies to understand and observe the developing medulla of...
Study of Course of Median Nerve in Forearm and Its Termination
Background: Median nerve is called labourers’ nerve, as it is responsible for powerful coarse hand movements. Impairment of function of forearm muscles and thenar muscles affects employment and everyday tasks. Materials...
Placental Weight Fetal Weight and Fetoplacental Weight Ratio in Normotensive and Hypertensive Pregnancies
Placenta develops and grows till 37th week of pregnancy.Any insult durings its development such as PIH, a disease unique to pregnancy not only affects maternal health but also affects the placental development which in t...
Light Microscopic Study of Developing Cortex of Fetal Adrenal Gland
In this study, we observe the developing cortex of the fetal adrenal gland in one hundred normal Human fetuses (71 males and 29 females) over a period of two and half years in various stages of development. Subsequently,...