In vitro Assessment of Selected Antibiotics, Crude Extract of Dalbergia latifolia Leaf and Their Combination on MDR Salmonella enterica Strain
Journal Title: Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 1
Abstract
Aims: To investigate the susceptibility pattern Salmonella enterica strains to selected antibiotics and extract of Dalbergia latifolia as well as their combinatory effect on (multi-drug resistant) MDR salmonella. Place and Duration of Study: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria from October 2012-May 2013. Methodology: In this study, a total of 11 clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica strains were screened in vitro against five antibiotics (ampicillin, amoxycillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and ceftriaxone) for their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and against methanolic extracts of Dalbergia latifolia leaves. The isolates were also screened in vitro against the combined antibiotics and plant extracts using the agar well diffusion method and their MICs determined. Phytochemical screening was done to determine the secondary metabolites present in the plant extracts. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 14028, a type strain, was used as a reference standard in the identification of the isolates. The isolates were collected across hospitals in South West Nigeria. Results: All the isolates were multidrug resistance (with each showing resistance to at least two of the antibiotics), with the exception of one susceptible isolate. All the isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol (100%), while the highest susceptible numbers of isolates were observed against ceftriaxone (27.27%), 18.18% were susceptible to each of ampicillin and amoxycillin, while 9.09% were susceptible to cotrimoxazole. MIC values ranged from of 30 µg/mL to >100 µg/mL. All the isolates were susceptible to the extracts of Dalbergia latifolia leaves with a zone of diameters equating the CSLI recommendation except for two isolates at a concentration of 25 mg/mL showing lesser activities. The MIC values ranged between 3.125 mg/mL to 75 mg/mL. Conclusion: The combined antibiotics and plant extracts showed a potentiative and synergistic effects with Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) values ranging between 0.45-0.75. Among the 11 isolates, 4 isolates (36.36%) showed an additional effect to the combined activities of the antibiotics and plant extracts with a reduced MIC value. From the in vitro study, the diameter of the zone of inhibition of the combined halved-MICs (MIC*) of both the plant and antibiotics increased significantly than their individual results. The result of this study showed that the extract of Dalbergia latifolia has antimicrobial properties against MDR Salmonella enterica strain.
Authors and Affiliations
O. T. Jemiseye, P. A. Idowu, T. S. Agidigbi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP337172
- DOI 10.9734/JOCAMR/2017/39008
- Views 52
- Downloads 0
Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Ficus capensis Thunb Leaves
Aims: To evaluate the phytochemical constituents of the ethanol leaf extract of Ficus capensis using GC-MS, its antimicrobial and in vitro antioxidant activities. Study Design: The study was designed to identify the phyt...
Attenuation of Doxorubicin-induced Oxidative Stress and Organ Damage in Experimental Rats by Theobroma cacao Stem Bark
Eighty rats, randomly selected, were divided into three (3) treatment groups: pre-, co- and post-treatment; consisting of 6 sub-groups each (5 rats per sub-group); baseline, normal saline (2 ml), α-lipoic acid (20 mg/kg...
Cellular Effects Following Exposure to Wireless DECT Base Radiation and Presentation of a Device for Their Compensation
Background: Wireless telecommunication sources working with frequencies ranging from 0.9 to 2.5 GHz are still increasing rapidly. Among these are digitally enhanced cordless telecommunication (DECT) phones which have bee...
Comparing the Antimicrobial Potential of Sahara Honey from Algeria and Manuka Honey against Urogenital Microorganisms
Aims: Various studies have been conducted to investigate the antimicrobial properties of honey from different parts of the world. To date; no extensive studies of the antimicrobial properties of Sahara honey (SH) on urog...
Perceptions and Practices on the Use of Moringa oleifera Lam: A Qualitative Study amongst Elderly Mauritians
The multifaceted properties of Moringa oleifera have spurred renewed interest into exploiting its nutritional values in the developing countries. In Mauritius, however, Moringa oleifera is fast losing its culinary value...