KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS XENOESTROGENS
Journal Title: WORLD JOURNAL PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE - Year 2019, Vol 8, Issue 8
Abstract
Objective: Xenoestrogens are those chemicals which affect normal metabolism of natural estrogen, consequently acting as carcinogen. This study was conducted to identify the awareness and usage of such chemicals in different forms in the females in Karachi, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A descriptive and non interventional study employing random convenience sampling method was conducted from October 2015 to February 2016 among females living in Karachi city. The questionnaires were filled by the subjects in the presence of researchers after taking their consent which were then analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS (version 16.0). Results: Out of 500 questionnaires, the response rate was 95.60%. The age of the female participants ranged from 25 to 65 years among whom 78.4% were married (n=392). Results revealed that the awareness about xenoestrogens among respondents was insufficient. Grilled food was occasionally consumed by (n=314, 65.69%) respondents while chicken was taken by (n=267, 55.85%) (p=0.00) twice a week or more; eggs were mostly consumed twice a week or more by (n=236, 49.37%) (p=0.00). It was seen that most of the respondents (n=336, 70.29%) consumed fresh milk. Plastic containers for food or drinks were used by (n=375, 78.45%) persons and (n=195, 40.79%) used them on weekly basis (p=0.00). Many respondents (n=191, 39.95%) (p=0.00) reused plastic bottles. It was observed that majority (n=406, 84.93%) used perfumes or deodorants and (n=207, 43.30%) used it once daily (p=0.00). Cosmetic products were used by (n=161, 33.68%) twice in a week or more; majority (n=306, 64.01%) used make up products. (n=217, 45.39%) used DDT/ pesticides among which (n=138, 28.87%) used them monthly (p=0.00). Conclusion: In our city, Xenoestrogens showed greater occurrence which might be a significant reason for the progression of several endocrine diseases and also incidence of breast cancer. Harmful effects due to the usage of xenoestrogensis need to be addressed and awareness is much needed in order to reduce their exposure.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Sana Ghayas
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP668351
- DOI -
- Views 152
- Downloads 0
TO REVIEW THE EFFECT OF KANDUGHNA MAHAKASHAYA IN PRURITUS
Kandu is one of the key complaints of the skin patients that force them to look for a dermatologist. Apart from sleep disturbance, it also degrades the quality of life of the patients. It is also the reason for many seco...
IMPROVEMENT OF BIOAVAILABILITY OF A DRUG BELONGING TO BIOPHARMACEUTICAL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM CLASS II
Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug belonging to biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class II which has high permeability and low solubility. Hence, its pharmacological effect is affected by its...
THE EFFICACY OF CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE ALONE VERSUS CONJUGATED WITH Nigella sativa (EL BARAKA SEED OIL) AGAINST Cryptosporidium parvum IN INFECTED IMMUNOCOMPETENT AND IMMUNOSUPPRESSED MICE
Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasites that affect the gastrointestinal epithelium and other mucosal surfaces of their hosts, which include humans and domestic and wild animals worldwide. Current diagnostic methods inc...
A REVIEW ON TRANSUNGUAL DRUG DELIVARY SYSTEM
The nail disorders are mainly due to fungal infection. When the drug is given through oral or systemic route, the potency of drugs gets decreased at the site of action. To avoid this loss of drug potency topical route of...
STUDY OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF PLECTRANTHII AMBOINICII LEAVES GROWING IN DALAT CITY, VIETNAM AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES
Plectranthii amboinicii (Lour.) Speng - Lamiaceae (Mexican mint) is a plant used by Vietnamese people for eating and treating some illnesses. This study is designed to quantify the oil content extraction of Folium Plectr...