Kształtowanie się biomasy oraz plonowanie wybranych odmian traw niskich w siewie czystym i w mieszankach
Journal Title: Łąkarstwo w Polsce - Year 2016, Vol 19, Issue
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate seven cultivars of three low-growing grass species in respect of regrowth rate of the sward in spring time, development of generative shoots, yielding and yield structure of the first regrowth in pure stands and in two mixtures. The field study was carried out during 2010–2014 at the Agricultural Plant Collection of Agronomy Department of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. The objects of the study were seven cultivars of low-growing grass species with different earliness of generative shoots: Lolium perenne (Bajka, Diament, Gagat, Naki), Poa pratensis (Eska-46, Skiz) and Festuca rubra (Reda). They were sown in pure stand and in two meadow mixtures (early, mid-early). In the years of full utilization (2011–2014) three cuts were made each year. Tillers density (ground cover with plants), growth rate of sward (in the first regrowths), earliness (development of shoots), yielding and yield structure (share of generative shoots in the first regrowth yield) in pure stands and in two mixtures with different earliness were evaluated. In the sowing year and in the third year of full utilization the underground biomass in the topsoil (0–10 cm) was also determined and root-to-shoot ratio was calculated.The species with the greatest diversity in terms of earliness between cultivars was L. perenne (5–9 days); there were smaller differences between cultivars of P. pratensis. The L. perenne cvs. were ranked, in terms of their earliness, in the following order: Naki (early), Diament and Gagat (mid-early), Bajka (late). It was found that L. perenne cv. Bajka was characterized by a greater tolerance to changing weather conditions (drought and frost) compared to other cultivars of that species. This indicates that it is more persistent and suitable for mixtures, both on leys and permanent grassland. Among P. pratensis cvs., Eska-46 revealed more favorable features. In the mixtures, the cultivars of L. perenne were dominated in the first year of utilization, but in the next years the share of them was reduced to a few percent. The participation of cultivars of F. rubra and P. pratensis in the yields of mixtures was small over the whole period of the study; the largest was in the fourth year of utilization. P. pratensis cvs. eveloped better and had a greater share in the yield of mid-early mixture (approx. 10%)
Authors and Affiliations
Maria Janicka, Barbara Borawska-Jarmułowicz, Grażyna Mastalerczuk
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP360993
- DOI -
- Views 43
- Downloads 0
Ocena cech biologicznych oraz plonowania wybranych odmian Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis i Phleum pratense w siewach czystych i mieszankach
The objective of the study was to evaluate some biological characteristics and yield of some grass varieties during four years of utilization. The study was conducted in the years 2010–2014 on the experience of a randomi...
Trawy w zbiorowiskach siedlisk ruderalnych Wyżyny Śląskiej
The aim of research is to sum up the results of research, which have been conducted on ruderal habitats of the Silesian Uplands since 2000; in particular to show the share of grasses in the floristic composition and stru...
Charakterystyka słonaw na obszarach przymorskich na przykładzie Wyspy Chrząszczewskiej
The study was conducted in 2014 on halophytes found in south-western part of Chrząszczewska Island within the waters of Kamieński Lagoon. The occurring saline vegetation is a result of the impact of salt water from the B...
Trawy w życiu człowieka
The grasses are one of the most important and most numerous plant group on the world. To that family belong first of all cereals which provide the food for earth inhabitants and fodder crops present on natural and semi-n...
Ocena użytków zielonych odnowionych metodą pełnej uprawy położonych na glebie organicznej w dolinie rzeki Randow (Niemcy)
The meadow experiment was conducted in the years 2009–2011 on meadows located on organic muck soil in the valley of the river Randow near Ramin (Germany). The restoration of grasslands was performed with the use of full...