Лісові природні комплекси реґіонального ландшафтного парку „Поляницький“, їхні екологічна структура та динамічні тенденції [Ecological structure and dynamic trends of forest phytocenosis of regional landscape park „Polyanytskyj“]
Journal Title: Праці Наукового товариства ім. Шевченка - Year 2016, Vol 46, Issue
Abstract
Low mountain (500—1000 m a.s.l.) forest natural complexes of park are the valuable standards of nature not only in the scale of Skolivskikh Beskid but also External East Carpathians on the whole. The complex of nature reserve „Dovbush Rocks“ (100 ha) is included in this composition. Here, in 1907 year one of the first in Galychina the rocky-forest reserve object „Bubnishche“ was created. The park today is a valuable nature protection, recreational and ethno-cultural object. They are mainly concentrated on slopes in the area of bedding of mudstones, siltstones or sandstones and sandy-clay-marl flysch. It is mainly a middle age and old-growth beech forests with fir and spruce. It can serve a base object for monitoring comparisons of dynamic tendencies, structural and ecological features of forest vegetation in typical for low mountain of East Beskid of geologic and geomorphologic and also ground-hydrological terms. The aim of the research were the topological features of natural forest complexes of this park. This object represents the general features of preserved forests of natural origin. Therefore it serves as a model for low mountain Eastern Beskid and serves as a key of structural element of ecological networks. According to the it was planned orographic features of geological structure of the area to analyze heterogeneity structure of forest plant communities and the dynamic trends of their development. The forest inventory materials on the site „Former forests of the Carpathian Basin Dniester as 01-01-2001 yr.“ (http://econtsh.astra.in.ua/inter_lis.php) on analytical studies based were used. They represent the state of forests before the time of intensive logging of the XXI century. After all, in modern descriptions of forest stands of materials concerning forests felled old older (mostly natural regeneration) are absent. For the analysis of spatial structuring of forest areas were used the comparison of the large-scale cartographic materials and information of forest management and of large-scale topographic and also geological maps. The structure and productivity of forest stands in various ecological conditions and features of phytocoenotic forest communities were researched. Generally in the forest phytocenology and biometrics research methods were used. Computer analytical procedures of standard grouping and of averaging information were executed. Orographic and lithological features of the mountain massif largely determine the characteristics of soil and direction of forest vegetation formation and also biometric indicators of forest stands were investigated. Therefore, there are three types of natural forest complexes: 1 – (D), potential eutrophic beech forests of I growth class (Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum) and related secondary multi-species young and middle-aged mixed spruce-fir-beech forests. In depressions of mountain massif on wet neutral or slightly acid rich Eutric Cambisols, in calcareous weathering products of Midle menilitova and Vygods'ka geologic formations they grow. 2 — (C), potential meso-eutrophic beech forests of II growth class (Luzulo luzuloidis-Fagetum sylvaticae) and related secondary multi-species young spruce and fir forests with a significant admixture of beech and also mixed spruce-fir-beech forests of middle age. On wet Dystric Cambisols that mountain slopes in the zone of small rocky and crushed stone bedding of weathered products of mudstone, siltstone of Lower menilitova and Stryjs'ka formations are growing. 3 — (B), potential oligo-mesotrophic beech forests of III growth class (Calamagrostio villosae-Fagetum sylvaticae). In near-crown part of massif and on the slopes at not carbonated slightly wet and moist Cambic Podzols in the bedding zone of deposit of stone blocks and sands of Jamnenska formation and also at not carbonated Cambic Leptosols of Manjavs'ka formations are growing. And also derivatives multispecies young fir forests mixed with beech and almost pure beech forests is the average age is growing.
Authors and Affiliations
Andriy Savchyn, Platon Tretyak
Keywords
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