Local Drug Delivery Systems in Periodontal Treatment: A Review
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 10
Abstract
Periodontal Diseases are heterogeneous group of diseases, proven to be caused by pathological microorganisms that organize to form a plaque associated biofilm on the tooth surface. The destruction of Periodontium is a result of interaction between microorganism and specific host defense mechanism.Removal of this biofilm by mechanical instrumentation is essential. Scaling and Root planing is the first mode of treatment to reduce bacterial burden. Mechanical instrumentation has some limitations 1) in case of unfavorable anatomy of the tooth,2) in situations like intraoral microbial translocation,3) in presence of tissue invasive organisms and 4) when there is bacterial invasion into dentinal tubules. To overcome this, Antimicrobials both systemically and locally acting were used in adjunct to mechanical therapy.To overcome the adverse effects of systemic antimicrobial agents such as drug toxicity, drug interaction, acquired bacterial resistance and patient's compliance local drug delivery system has been developed. Local drug delivery system does not have the side effects of systemic drugs. The use of sustained release formulations to deliver antimicrobials to the site of periodontal infections is gaining interest. These products provide long term, effective treatment at the site of infection at much smaller doses. This review approaches the main delivery systems for the administrations of the drug to the periodontal pocket, their usefulness as well as advancement of these systems effectiveness in the periodontal therapy. Keywords:Periodontal Diseases, Periodontal Pocket, Local Drug Delivery
Authors and Affiliations
Manjunath SH, Austin Howard Jones, Mahesh Gabhane
Keywords
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