MATERNAL ANTENATAL PROFILE IN VLBW AND ELBW BABIES
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2019, Vol 8, Issue 15
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) and Extreme Low Birth Weight (ELBW) babies are always a challenge for a neonatologist in relation to good neurodevelopmental outcome. Preterm birth is one of the major clinical problems in obstetrics and neonatology as it is associated with perinatal mortality, serious neonatal morbidity, and in some cases childhood disability. It is reported that 60- 80% of all neonatal mortality and morbidity is due to preterm birth. During the last two decades, the survival for premature infants has significantly increased due to advancement in perinatal and neonatal treatment expertise and improvement in the care of highrisk mother. The survival rate of low birth weight baby is reported to have increased from 10% to 60%. The survivors of preterm birth especially when born at <34 weeks of gestation should remain in newborn intensive care unit (NICU). They need to spend time in NICU till close to term to allow for sufficient multi-organ maturation resulting in prolonged hospital stay for both mother and infant. Therefore, the consequences of preterm birth often continue beyond the neonatal period and can lead to significant direct and indirect costs that have to be borne by parents and society. Hence, a better understanding of maternal antenatal factors contributing to preterm birth and need for improvement of antenatal and perinatal care are necessary to increase the neonatal survival. This retrospective study of maternal antenatal profile of very low birth weight (<1500 gm) and extremely low birth weight (<1000 gm) babies is very important so that adequate attention can be given to overcome these medical consequences. METHODS This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, A.M.C.H. Dibrugarh, Assam, for a period of 01/12/2017 to 30/11/2018. RESULTS A total number of 72 mothers who delivered VLBW and ELBW babies was included in this study. The maternal and antenatal profiles associated with the delivery of VLBW and ELBW babies were studied, which shows that anaemia ( 32 cases- 38.09%) is the most common cause of delivery of VLBW and ELBW babies, followed by PIH associated in 25 cases (29.76%) then multiple pregnancy in 12 cases (14.28%) and idiopathic causes in 11 cases in which no predisposing factors were identified probably because some of the cases are unbooked. In 4 cases (4.76%), UTI with pyelonephritis was found to be associated with delivery of VLBW and ELBW babies. CONCLUSIONS VLBW & ELBW babies are always a challenge for a neonatologist with regard to good neurodevelopmental outcome. We found that anaemia, pregnancy induced hypertension, twin pregnancy, and UTI with pyelonephritis were common associations with preterm delivery. Some of these risk factors may be remediable if adequate antenatal care is provided, and timely medical intervention is done.
Authors and Affiliations
Pranoy Dey, Farzana Zahir, Ram Krishna Jha, Rajeev Ranjan
Keywords
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- EP ID EP557377
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2019/274
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