Medical nutrition therapy in gestational diabetes mellitus: a preventive strategy
Journal Title: JOURNAL OF MEDICAL COLLEGE CHANDIGARH - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 2
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is carbohydrate intolerance of any degree, first identified during pregnancy. The resulting hyperglycemia scientifically linked to the innumerable fetal, neonatal and maternal complications in pregnancy and has lifelong implications for the mother and her fetus. The affected intrauterine environment results in epigenetic changes by interfering with gene expression without actual interference in the DNA sequences. This predisposes future generation to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome, thus contributing in the total load of DM in the population. ''Glycemic Control” through Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) lifestyle modifications and targeting present as well as the future followed by pharmacological management if required, can control the everincreasing burden of GDM. MNTforms the primary intervention strategy in GDM. An individualized MNTcoupled with self - monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG) and timely follow- up can reduce multiple complications encompassing present and the future of a GDM patient and her offspring. Psychosocial stress and its complex relationship linked to physical health is an important yet under-researched area with regards to GDM. The present paper reviews the literature on GDM, its complications including psychological impact and the role of MNTas a way of conserving present and preventing future complications.
Authors and Affiliations
Midhat Muttaqui, Tamkin Khan, Farida Ahmad, Jameel Ahmad
Keywords
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