MINERAL PARAGENESES OF BRINE AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN THE KUYALNIK ESTUARY AND THEIR GENETIC CLASSIFICATION
Journal Title: Вісник Одеського національного університету. Географічні та геологічні науки - Year 2017, Vol 22, Issue 1
Abstract
Problem Statement and Purpose. Serious attention is being paid to the Kuyalnik Estuary and its environmental state in recent years. Most often chemical composition of brine and bottom sediments is being studied. However, there is practically no information on mineral forming, while mineral parageneses can be considered as the most sensitive indicators of changes in water – salt balance and crisis phenomena appearing in the estuarine ecosystem. Regularities of authigenic mineral forming are understudied as well, while the knowledge about them are required to assess the state and properties of medicinal mud and to ground project decisions on the Kuyalnik Estuary’s environmental state stabilising. The aims of the article are study of mineralogical composition of brine and bottom sediments in the Kuyalnik Estuary and genetic classification of mineral complexes isolated. Data & Methods. Complex of studies of the Kuyalnik Estuary ecosystem comprised studies of authigenic formation of minerals, during which bottom sediments were considered as the results of biochemical processes taking place in the brine during changes of salt-water balance. Brine and cores of bottom sediments for mineralogical studies were sampled from the upper and the mouth parts of the estuary that were notable for their depth and water regime. To determine physical characteristics and grain size and mineralogical analyses the sediments cores were cut into smaller samples with 2 cm interval. Results. Based on studies of mineralogy of brine and bottom sediments from the Kuyalnik Estuary sequence and genetic nature of minerals forming in the estuary was established. Changeability of mineral content in brine and bottom sediments in the estuary’s water area was established. Complex genetic classification of minerals in brine and bottom sediments from the Kuyalnik Estuary was performed. Based on studies of mineral parageneses it was established that the objects studied refer to sedimentogenous series of mineral formation. We have singled out terrigenous allothigenic complex connected with minerals supply by the Bolshoi Kuyalnik River and authigenous chemogenic and biogenic complexes. Biogenic formation of minerals characterizes the middle part of the process development, for which existence of sulfate-reducing bacteria is possible. Authigenic formation of minerals in bottom sediments has the following sequence: tiff, dolomite, hydrotroilite, gypsum and rock salt. In brine the sequence of minerals formation is different – it does not have biogenic phase, however the chemohenic phase, apart from tiff gypsum and rock salt, is presented by such unstable minerals as kieserite, epsomite, bischofite and kainite.
Authors and Affiliations
E. A. Cherkez, V. N. Kadurin, S. V. Svitlychnyi
Keywords
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