Morphological analysis of mucosal cells covering intraosseous dental implants
Journal Title: Journal of Stomatology (Czasopismo Stomatologiczne) - Year 2012, Vol 65, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction. Implant stability is achieved through its permanent integration with the bone tissue. A long-term medical success also depends, to a large degree, on the condition of the soft tissues surrounding the implant. So far, the processes taking place in soft tissues have been diagnosed and documented on biopsy material in the cases of implant-prosthetic treatment failures.Aim. The aim of the study was to describe the state of mucosa in the cases of full implant integration.Material and methods. The mucosa covering 43 titanium intraosseous implants was evaluated on the basis of H+E and PAS staining, the analysis of selected morphological features with the use of the software MicroImage v. 4.0. and the expression of characteristic markers with the use of the immunocytochemical technique ABC. The control material for the study included fragments of mucosa obtained from the same place before the implantation.Results. In one third of the patients, the studies revealed a several times greater value of the total surface of the cell concentrations in relation to the surface of the analysed cross-sections. The dominant population of cells in the concentrations located under and in the epithelium consisted of CD45RO-positive T-lymphocytes (81.3%), with the subpopulation of CD25-positive cells being the most numerous one (42.9%). In the mucosal epithelium covering all implants, a statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in the number of Langerhans cells in relation to the control material was demonstrated. Within the range of the epithelium, Langerhans were found in the direct vicinity of lymphoid CD45RO-positive cells.Conclusions. The studies showed that the contact of the gingival mucosa witha titanium intraosseous implant in the process of healing and osseointegration causes local morphological changes both in the epithelial layer and the lamina propria. Within the range of direct contact mucosa with the implant, processes of immunological character occur. The lack of clinical symptoms of oversensitivity as well as the presence of immunologically competent cells may suggest that a titanium intraosseous implant is recognized by the immune system with the induction of local tolerance.
Authors and Affiliations
Monika Hemerling-Powidzka, Ryszard Koczorowski, Renata Brelińska
Keywords
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