Nature of Indian Federalism: An Analysis of Historical Basis and Problems
Journal Title: International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 1
Abstract
Federalism constitutes a complex governmental mechanism for the governance of a country. It binds into one political union several autonomous, distinct, separate and disparate entities or administrative units. It seeks to draw a balance between the forces working in favour of concentration of power at a central point and the forces which favour a dispersal of the power in a number of units. Federalism thus seeks to reconcile unity with multiplicity, centralisation with decentralization and nationalism with localism. The originality of the federal system which lies in that power is, at one and the same time, concentrated as well as divided. There is centralisation of administration and legislation in certain areas along with decentralisation in other areas. A federal constitution establishes a dual polity, comprising two levels of government—a central government having jurisdiction over the entire country in some areas, and state governments, each of which exercises jurisdiction within defined regional boundaries. A citizen in a federal country is subject to the decrees of two governments. The totality of governmental powers and functions are divided between the Centre and the states. Each level of government thus functions within its assigned field. The several governments do not, however, function in watertight compartments. They come in contact with each other at several points, and thus a host of inter-governmental relations arise in a federal country. The pattern of these relations is not static; it is dynamic and is constantly finding a new balance in response to the centripetal and centrifugal forces operating in the country, and, that is why the subject of inter-governmental relations is of much significance to a student of any federal constitution. The same is true of the Constitution of India which establishes a dual polity comprising a Central Government and several state governments.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Mukesh kumar
Keywords
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