Normative Kidneys Measurements in Sudanese: A Morphometric CT Based Study
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Normal values for kidney measurements are well established for many ethnic groups but very little is known about normal kidney measurements and its influencing factors in Sudanese. The objectives of this study were to establish a national reference for normal renal dimensions classified according to age and gender for Sudanese as well as to identify potential influencing factors, and to estimate their significance. Methods: In multiphase thin-slice MDCTs of 200 kidneys in 100 Sudanese subjects, the kidney length and kidney width were registered. The renal parenchymal thickness (PT) including on CT scans was measured through upper calyx; renal pelvis; and lower calyx levels. PT was measured at four locations: anterior (a), posterior (p), medial (c), and lateral (d), at right angles to each other and oriented such that a-b paralleled the renal vessels. The possible influencing factors that can be visualized were recorded from a measurement data set. For measurements, axes were adjusted individually in axial planes. Analyses of distribution, T-tests, ANOVA, were performed. Results: Kidney length was 96.75 mm for the right, and 95.73 mm for the left. The right kidneys width was 41.00 mm, less than the left 42.51mm at (p = 0.041). The cortex width was 5.21 mm for the right and 5.26 mm for the left. While the medulla was 10.82 mm for the right kidney and 11.21 mm for the left. Segments as anterior, posterior, medial and lateral segments were measured. Right upper calyx were found to be for 11.88mm, 16.21mm, 11.74mm and 15.56mm and the left were 2.00mm,16.11mm,12.99mm,15.52 mm respectively .The RT renal pelvis segments measurements were found to be 0.00mm,22.28mm,13.41mm and14.33 mm where the LT renal pelvis were 0.00mm,22.37mm,13.40mm and 14.02mm .The lower calyx segments were found to be 19.45 mm,18.40 mm,13.15mm and 13.35 mm for the right and 10.88mm,18.85mm,12.45mm and12.29 mm for the left. The gender is not a predictor for changes in the renal measurements except for the medial and lateral renal pelvis segments for both right and left kidneys at (P= 0.041, 0.040 and 0.001, 0.040) . The age also is not a predictor for renal measurement except the renal pelvis lateral segment of the left kidney as well as lower calyx medial segment at p=0.006 and0.026.Sudanese kidneys measurements differs from other populations. Conclusions: A new chart for renal character and measurement were established for Sudanese population aged from 10 years to 70 years
Authors and Affiliations
Afaf Mohamed Ahmed Medani, Caroline Edward Ayad, Mohmmed Elfadil Mohammed Garelnabi, Hussein Ahmed Hassan
Keywords
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