NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION, TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECT AND POSSIBLE UTILIZATION OF ARECA CATECHU SEED FLOURS AS AN ADDITIVE IN FEED FORMULATION FOR AFRICAN CATFISH FINGERLINGS (CLARIAS GARIEPINUS)
Journal Title: Annals. Food Science and Technology - Year 2016, Vol 17, Issue 1
Abstract
This study was carried out on fingerlings (Clarias gariepinus) with initial fish weight ranging from 4.55±0.25 to 5.53±1.00 g to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Areca catechu flour (ACSF) as an additive in graded level to the diet formulation on: growth performance, nutrient utilization, body composition, histopathology, blood parameters. Four experimental diets with 35 % crude protein were formulated. Diet 1 serves as control diet (without ACSF) and diets 2, 3 and 4 which contain respectively 10 %, 20 % and 30 % addition of ACSF serve as experimental diets. One hundred and eighty fishes were divided into four experimental groups and each group into three replicate of fifteen fishes stocked in 30-litre plastic bowls. Fish were fed with experimental diets twice a day at 3 % of their body weight for 7 days in a week and the experiment lasted for 56 days. The proximate analysis results showed an enhancement in carbohydrate content with a reduction in protein content as the level of incorporation is increasing. No significant differences (P≤0.05) were observed in protein efficiency rate, nitrogen metabolism and mean weight gain among the control and experimental diet. Haemoglobin and Packed cell volume obtained were highest in control group and lowest at 30 % inclusion. Biochemical parameter such as total protein and albumin reduced while globulin increased at 20 % and 30 % inclusion as compared to others. Histopathological reports showed some severe diffuse hepatic vacuolation on the liver of fish fed at 30 % inclusion while a severe congestion of the blood vessels was shown in the kidney of fish at 20 % inclusion. Areca catechu seed flour might not be toxic to catfish fingerling but would rather be a nutritional source and safe at 10 % inclusion level.
Authors and Affiliations
Emmanuel Nnamdi Ifedi
Keywords
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