Peel-off gel formulation from black mulberries (Morus nigra) extract as anti-acne mask
Journal Title: National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 9
Abstract
Background: Acne is a skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation in the polisebasea that often occurs in adolescence. Utilization of the black mulberry fruit with a high phenolic is one alternative for the treatment of acne. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this research are to develop and test a peel-off mask gel prepared from black mulberries (Morus nigra) extracts, which has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Materials and Methods: Black mulberry fruit was extracted with the maceration method by using ethanol (96%). Then, the antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by the disc-diffusion method, while the mean inhibitory concentration (MIC) and mean bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by the microdilution method. Then, the extract was formulated into the base of the peel-off mask gel containing variations in concentration of polyvinyl alcohol (7%, 9%, and 10%) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (2% and 2.5%). The formulations prepared were evaluated for their physical properties, including organoleptic behavior, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and drying time. Irritation tests were performed, and antibacterial activity of the formulation was also assessed. Results: The results showed that the black mulberry fruit extract has antibacterial activity with MIC value of 2.5% against S. epidermidis and P. acnes, while MBC values were 2.5% and 5%, respectively. Formulations with the best results of physical evaluation were obtained for the formula containing polyvinyl alcohol at 7% and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose at 2.5%. The antibacterial activity of the peel-off mask gel formulation from black mulberries (M. nigra) extract occurs with 3 × MIC and produce inhibition zone 6.11 ± 3.2 mm against S. epidermidis and 5.43 ± 0.6 mm against P. acnes. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the peel-off mask gel prepared from black mulberry (M. nigra) fruit extract is effective as well as safe to be used as a topical preparation.
Authors and Affiliations
Arif Budiman, Diah Lia Aulifa, Arif Satria Wira Kusuma, Insan Sunan Kurniawan, Astri Sulastri
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP291953
- DOI 10.5455/njppp.2017.7.0413123052017
- Views 102
- Downloads 0
An assessment of adverse reactions to antiretroviral therapy in a South Indian government hospital
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can lead to non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and are also the major causes of hospitalization and higher cost of treatment. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this stu...
Adverse drug reactions: Two years' experience from a tertiary teaching hospital in Kerala
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have become a major clinical problem causing additional burden on the total cost of a patient’s treatment. Aims and Objectives: To determine the characteristics of ADRs reported...
Comparison of effects of active recovery and deep water running on soccer players’ indices of muscular damage
Background: The process of recovery plays a significant role in sustaining athletic performance and preventing exhaustion among players. Active recovery (AR) is generally accepted as a series of light intrinsic activity...
Electrocardiographic changes in migraine
Background: Migraine is the second most common cause for primary headache. Migraine often results in considerable disability and decrease in the patients’ quality of life. Its prevalence is highest in the age group of 25...
A study on polypharmacy among elderly medicine in-patients of a tertiary care teaching hospital of North India
Background: In the modern era, with the increase in the lifespan of individuals with increasing access to health-care facilities, the population of elderly is also increasing with an equal pace. However, on the other han...