Physical fitness components according to health (H-RF) of girls and boys from south-eastern Poland in the first decade of the XXI century and their place of residence
Journal Title: Antropomotoryka. Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences - Year 2012, Vol 22, Issue 60
Abstract
[b]Aim of the study.[/b] Assessment of the degree of manifestation of social gradients in south-east Poland in the first decade of the twenty-first century.[b]Material and methods.[/b] To develop a research issue there were used the results of research gathered during 2001–2010 among 14,899 children and adolescents aged between 8 and 18 years, from primary and secondary schools from south-east Poland. As a measure of social gradients manifestation the range of differences in the level of development of physical fitness components in terms of H-RF was adopted in 5561 village residents (2530 ♀ and 3031 ♂) and in 9338 tested in the cities (4448 ♀ and 4890 ♂). Basic statistical characteristics (Me and SD min-max) and the rate of dimorphism were calculated. The measurement results were normalized using the scale T (“Tenowa Uniyear”), developed by Januszewski and Mleczko. The scope of social gradients was characterized on the basis of index of point differences of taken into account components of physical fitness in terms of H-RF, taking as the measure of statistical significance the value of 4 points in the “Tenowa Uniyear Scale”.[b]Results.[/b] The proposed method of scoring on a scale T turned out to be a good tool to grasp both the manysided dynamics of morphological, functional and motor development and physical fitness components focused on health (Health-Related Fitness). The results of the analysis of variability caused by the factors of socio-cultural environment allow to notice a tendency to maintain an overbalance of somatic development among city residents over both sexes living in rural areas. In the measurement of physical fitness and endurance capacity villagers often predominated their peers in cities.[b]Conclusions.[/b] The findings did not provide enough evidence to make the claims of the falsification to the thesis about the existence of social stratification in the first decade of the twenty-first century society in two ecological niches (urban-rural) of south-east Poland. In the somatic development still remains a tendency to predominance of kinetics and dynamics of development of children and young people from the cities. In the functional development can be seen only in the endurance capacity of the tested the echoes of the old desired adaption of villagers to living conditions conducive to achieving positive health indicators. The applied tool of evaluation of physical fitness proved to be useful for assessing the social gradients, that is the variation caused by environmental factors.
Authors and Affiliations
Jerzy Januszewski, Edward Mleczko, Joanna Gradek, Elżbieta Cieśla
Keywords
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