POLLUTION DES EAUX DE SURFACE DE LA VILLE DE FES AU MAROC : TYPOLOGIE, ORIGINE ET CONSEQUENCES
Journal Title: Larhyss Journal - Year 2011, Vol 9, Issue 9
Abstract
The water pollution of surface can produce various diseases: cholera, typhoide, hepatitises, bilharziose and chemicals intoxications. This work is part of a hydrologic and ecologic general study of surface water of the Fes city. This study comprises two part aiming to:  Determine the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of water in order to release the degree and the origins of the various pollutants which affect them,  Envisage sanitary risks which they can generate on fauna and flora. The research of physicochemical and bacteriological parameters was carried out on water samples were realized at a rate of two taking away per month for ten water collection. The results enabled us to highlight various contaminations expressed mainly by two types of pollution:  Microbiological pollution in 100% of water, coming from surface water and domestic and industrial wastewater,  Chemical pollution of weak to significant of agricultural origin and industrial and domestic wastewater. Indeed, and according to the Moroccan classification of surface water, the concentrations found high out of phosphorus (0.85mg/l), orthophosphate (0.41mg/l) and conductivity (1547.8 µs/cm) recorded in Oued Sidi Hrazem classify this water of bad quality on the physico-chemical level; and concentrations found high of 3.8x105 and 4.2x104 UFC/100ml respectively in CT and CF recorded in Barrage Boufekrane; and those of 2.5x105 and 5x104 UFC/100ml respectively in CT and CF recorded with the bridge green Diamond; and those of 3x105, 3.2x104 and 9x103 UFC/100ml respectively in CT, CF and recorded SF with Fontaine Allal El Fassi; and those of 6x105, 2.6x104 and 1.2x104 UFC/100ml respectively in CT, CF and SF recorded with the Camping Sidi Hrazem, classify this water of bad bacteriological quality. Consequently, the surface water of Fès proves entirely charged in microbial germs and partially charged in chemical pollutants and constitutes a true threat for the environment, in particular for the life and the health of fauna and the flora. According to the lawful framework of human feed waters, the found values classify this water of not-in conformity for human consumption without preliminary processing. Moroccan classification of surface water classifies this water of average to bad quality. With the demographic growth that the town of Fes knows, the climatic changes and the industrial and agricultural development, the quality control and the monitoring of water surface and subsoil waters should arouse a particular interest. They must have like major objectives, have safe guarding of pubic health and the tracking of all the types of pollution which can harm human health.
Authors and Affiliations
EL OUALI LALAMI A. | Laboratoire Régional de Diagnostic Epidémiologique et d’Hygiène du Milieu, Direction Régionale de la Santé, Hôpital EL GHASSANI, Fès, Maroc, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Saiss, Fès, Maroc, MERZOUKI M. | Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Fès, EL HILLALI O. | Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Saiss, Fès, Maroc, MANIAR S. | Observatoire Régional de Santé, Direction Régionale de la Santé de Fès, Maroc, IBNSOUDA KORAICHI S. | Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Saiss, Fès, Maroc
Keywords
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