PREREQUISITES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBSTETRIC EDUCATION IN THE KHERSON PROVINCE AT THE END OF THE XIXTH ‒ BEGINNING OF THE XXTH CENTURIES
Journal Title: Науковий вісник Південноукраїнського національного педагогічного університету імені К. Д. Ушинського - Year 2017, Vol 119, Issue 6
Abstract
Reforming all healthcare structures poses a problem for historians in pedagogical research of medical education in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, in particular obstetric education in Kherson province, highlighting its special features in order to use the most progressive aspects in the modern process of training skilled obstetric staff. The purpose of the article is to establish the cause and effect relationship between the conditions prevailing on the territory of the Russian Empire, in Kherson province in particular, as well as the development of obstetric education in the late XIX ‒ early XX century. Among the objective prerequisites that contributed to the development of obstetrical education in Kherson province, the author singled out the existing socio-historical, cultural, educational and socio-economic objective conditions. The socio-historical prerequisites include the abolition of serfdom, the transition from feudal relations to capitalist, the rapid industrial development of new lands, the emergence of new jobs and ways of earning, the need for more labour. These events became the catalysts for a sharp increase in the population of the Kherson province, both in cities and in rural areas. Cultural and educational prerequisites are represented by changes in the level of education and culture of the population. The marked historical period is characterized by an increase in the number of educational institutions for both children and adults, an increase in the general level of education of the population in general, and women in particular. Simultaneously with progressive socio-historical and cultural-educational changes, the socio-economic situation of the inhabitants of the Kherson province remained at a rather low level. The socio-economic prerequisites are analyzed at the level of provision of the Kherson province population in the field of obstetrics. The author revealed a complete lack of availability of trained rural obstetric staff and a catastrophic shortage of midwives in medical institutions of cities on the one hand, and a "successful" work activity in the field of assisting women during the birth of ignorant folk female workers (midwives) on the other hand. Because of the discrepancy between knowledge, skills and skills of the time requirements and the development of science, the assistance of the doula gradually lost its appeal to the people ‒ demands were put forward in the training of new contingent of obstetrical personnel by special educational institutions. The revealed conditions became preconditions for the development of obstetric education in the Kherson province.
Authors and Affiliations
Olga Seliatenko
Keywords
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