Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies with Possible Aetiological Factors

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Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies with Possible Aetiological Factors

Journal Title: International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 10

Abstract

Introduction: Most of CNS malformations lead to death of fetus in utero or death in infancy or early childhood. They cause severe disability and patients have a short life span. In the present study, anomalies resulting from disturbance of CNS development up to stage 3 was studied and reported. Material and methods: Patients of paediatric age group (1- 12) years suspect to have congenital anomalies of CNS were followed up. Data on imaging studies were collected and tabulated. Antenatally diagnosed cases of CNS anomalies were followed up. Examination for associated anomalies of head, eyes, ears, nose, face, palate, thorax, abdomen and genitalia, back, upper limb, lower limb and additional points if any was also recorded. The Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI scan and other relevant investigations if any was also performed. Results: Out of 30 cases 14 of them were neural tube defects, 13 microcephaly, 2 Dandy Walker malformations and one holo-prosencephaly. Out of 14 neural tube defects 9 of them are lumbar myelomeningocoele, two encephalocoeles in the occipital area, one cephalocoele in the parietal area and one cephalocoele in the frontoethmoidal region and one anencephaly. Distribution among Hindus and Muslims almost equal, with a slight increase among Hindus. Out of 13 cases of microcephaly, 4 of them gave family history of microcephaly among siblings. Out of 30 patients 8 of them were born to parents of consanguineous marriage. 5 of them first degree consanguinity and 3 of them second degree consanguinity. Out of 11 primigravida 8 of them gave birth to babies with neural tube defects. Sixteen patients showed abnormalities of eyes. Conclusion: The etiological factors which are having important roles are intake of drugs like glibenclamide and sodium valproate, consanguinity, irregular intake of folic acid, low socio economic conditions, and febrile illness during first trimester.

Authors and Affiliations

Sailaja K

Keywords

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EP ID EP424270
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