PREVALENCE OF IRON DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREAN WITH FEBRILE SEIZURE

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PREVALENCE OF IRON DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREAN WITH FEBRILE SEIZURE

Journal Title: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 11

Abstract

Objective: Febrile seizures are one of the most common neurologic problems during infancy and childhood periods, occurring in 3-4% of the children with a recurrence rate of 30 to 40%. They occur rarely before 6 months and after 5 years of age, with a peak incidence between 14-18 months of age which overlaps with that of iron deficiency anemia which is from 6 to 24 months. General objective of this study is to determine prevalence of iron deficiency in children with febrile seizure. Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Medicine, Institute of child health & Shishu Sasthya Foundation, Mirpur, Dhaka over a period of 6 months from August 2016 to January 2017. A structured data collection form was developed containing all the variables of interest which was finalized following pretesting. Data were collected by interview, observation, clinical and laboratory testing. Results: In the study it has been found that over half (51.3%) of the simple febrile patients had a history of iron deficiency compared to 45% of the complex febrile seizure patients. The comparison was not statistically significant between groups with respect to iron deficiency (p = 0.648). Over 28% of simple febrile seizure patients had a history of recurrence of febrile seizures compared to 20% of complex febrile seizures. The comparison did not turn to significant with respect to recurrence of febrile seizure as evident by p = 0.493. Laboratory investigations shows that mean hemoglobin, PCV, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, serum iron concentration, serum ferritin level and total iron binding capacity were 9.7 ± 1.4 gm/dl (range:6.8 – 14.2), 30.7 ± 4.6% (range:22 – 44), 67.9 ± 7.1 fl (range:53 – 88), 24.7 ± 4.7 pg (range:15.5 – 33.0), 22.1 ± 0.9 μg/dl (range:14.3 – 38.0), 5.6 ± 1.3 μg/L (range:2.3 – 32.4) and 566 ± 25 μg/dl (range:290 – 963) respectively. Thirty nine percent of patients had hemoglobin level less than 9 gm/dl, 35.6% mean corpuscular volume less than 65 femtoliter, 64.4% mean corpuscular hemoglobin less than 28 picograms per cell and 49.2% serum ferritin level less than 12 μg/L. Conclusion: The prevalence of iron deficiency in febrile seizures among hospitalized children is high compared to that in developed countries and is mainly attributed to low and middle socioeconomic status. The simple febrile seizure is the most frequent type of febrile seizure and patients with iron deficiency and risk of recurrence of febrile seizures are higher in simple febrile seizure than complex febrile seizure.

Authors and Affiliations

Nobo Krishna Ghosh

Keywords

Febrile Seizure Iron Deficiency in Children.

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